AP US History Chap 4
Order by
25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Robert Walpole | first of modern(power by majority of parliament) Prime Ministers (England), deliberately refrained from strict enforcement of Navigation Acts, believed it would stimulate commerce |
| Board of Trade and Plantations | office dealing with colonial affairs in London, 1696, mostly advisory, |
| Treaty of Utrecht | 1713, ended Queen Ann's War, transferred large areas of French territory in North America to English including Nova Scotia and Newfoundland |
| King George's War | disputes over trading rights/Spanish colonies led to larger war - England/Austria vs. France/Prussia, americans fought with against French with the British, led to bad relationship among English, French, and Iroquois |
| Edward Braddock | Eng General during French/Indian War, didn't retake crucial site at fork of Ohio River, |
| William Pitt | changed war effort in america by bringing it fully under British control, after riots in 1757 relaxed many hated policies, as Prime MInister (Lord Chatam) opposed Stamp Act |
| James Wolfe | English general, led troops up steep cliff to capture Quebec which marked the beginning on the end of the French/Indian War |
| Proclamation of 1763 | forbid settlers to move West of Appalachian Mtns, good for British because it slowed immigration from cities which needed labor, and helped fur market, failed to keep settlers from moving |
| Sugar Act of 1764 | supposed to eliminated illegal trade between colonies and French/Spanish West Indies, raised duty on sugar and lowered duty on molasses hurting sugar market in US, affected few people |
| Paxton Boys | settlers from western PA, came to Philadelphia to demand relief from taxes and money to help defend against Indians, government gave in |
| regulators | farmers from Carolina upcountry who organized opposition to high taxes, underrepresented in assembly and got no relief spo they armed themselves, defeated in battle of Alamance |
| sons of liberty | group based in Boston which terrorized agents and burned stamps to protest Stamp Act |
| Declaratory Act | occurred after Stamp Act repealed, asserted Parliament's authority over colonies in all cases, passed to satisfy critics of repeal |
| Mutiny Act (Quartering Act) | 1765, required colonists to provide housing for British troops, colonists objected - NY Assembly disbanded and new taxes passed under the Townshend Act |
| Townshend Duties | levied new taxes on various goods imported to colonies from England, lead, paper, paint, tea, Mass Assembly circulated lette urging objections, Townshend thought that taxes met internal and external tax definitions and colonists wouldn' |
| Boston Massacre | while protecting the customs house during a fight between locals and unemployed Brits five people were shot by the British soldiers |
| Mass Circular Letter | Letter circulated to all colonial legislatures by the Mass Legislature urging them to stand up against the Townshend Acts, at first ignored then others rallied to the cause |
| John Adams | futrure President of US, called early US diplomats abroad "militia diplomats", one of three diplomats who negotiated Treaty of Paris with Britain at end of revolution |
| English Constitution | not written or fixed set of unchangeable rules, general sense of way things were done, power distributed among KIng, aristocracy, and commoners, colonists wanted something in writing |
| "virtual" representation | in Britain each member of Parliament represented whole nation, not individual regions or individuals, even though some areas elected no reps they had "virtual representation" |
| Gaspee Incident | occurred to protest enforcement of Navigation Acts, residents of Rhode Island boarded Gaspee(Brit ship) and sank it, no trial in US - sent to England |
| Tea Boycott | in response to Tea Act of 1773 - mobilized large segments of population especially by using women |
| Intolerable Acts | in response to Boston Tea Party, 4 acts passed in 1774, Port of Boston closed, reduced power of assemblies in colonies, permitted royal officers to be tried elsewhere, provided for quartering of troop's in barns and empty houses |
| Continental Association | formed to enforce agreements of 1st Continental Congress, 5 decisions - rejected colonial union under Britain, endorsed several grievances, approved making preparations for military defense, agreed to good boycott, and agreed to meet again following Spring |
| Conciliatory Propositions | approved 1775, series of measures by Parliament to appease colonists - hoped to divide moderates from extremists, too little, too late |
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