Week 9
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mjtestprep on April 12, 2011
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56 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 agitate | v. to make someone troubled, nervous, or disturbed; to upset or perturb. Will was clearly agitated by the troubling news about his grandmother. |
| apt | (1) adj. appropriate or suitable in the circumstances. Having known her for years, he was able to give an apt description of her character. (2) adj. having a tendency to do something; predisposed; prone. She was a terrible cook, apt to confuse salt with sugar. (3) adj. quick to learn; astute -------- inapt adj. inappropriate; unsuitable; improper; incongruous |
| assimilate | (1) v. to take in (information, ideas, or culture) and understand fully (2) v. to absorb and integrate (people, ideas, or culture) into a wider society or culture. My family has assimilated American values into our lifestyle. -------- assimilation (n.) |
| autonomy | n. freedom from external control or influence; independence; self-determination. Now that she has her driver's license, Hannah is enjoying her newfound autonomy. -------- autonomous adj. not ruled or controlled by others |
| commemorate | v. to recall and show respect for (someone or something) in a ceremony; to pay homage to. The statue commemorates the war hero's contributions to the country. -------- commemoration (n.) |
| concord | n. agreement or harmony between people or groups; consensus. The council meetings between the bickering politicians rarely ended in concord. -------- concordant adj. in agreement; consistent -------- concordance (n.) |
| debunk | v. to expose the falseness or hollowness of (a myth, idea, or belief); to discredit or disprove. The TV special debunked long-held misconceptions about the space program. |
| dilemma | n. a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between undesirable alternatives; a quandary; a predicament. "The prisoner's dilemma" demonstrates why two people might not cooperate even if it is in both of their best interests to do so. |
| disposition | (1) n. a person's inherent qualities of mind and character; temperament; personality; character. My savvy older sister possesses the analytical disposition needed for a career in finance. (2) n. an inclination or tendency; a propensity; a proclivity. The cattle showed a strong disposition to run at any loud noise. |
| disseminate | v. to spread or disperse (something, especially information) widely; to promulgate. Election updates will be disseminated by radio, television, and the internet. -------- dissemination (n.) |
| entrepreneur | n. a person who starts, organizes and operates a business. The entrepreneur sold his third successful company. |
| flippant | adj. not showing a serious or respectful attitude; frivolous; impudent. The students' flippant behavior indicated that they did not respect the teacher. -------- flippancy (n.) |
| grandiose | adj. impressive or magnificent in appearance or style, especially in a pretentious or excessive way. The conductor's grandiose gestures during the performance distracted the audience. |
| impressionable | adj. easily influenced because of a lack of critical ability; suggestible. The impressionable child believes that everything he sees on television is real. -------- impressionistic adj. giving a broad subjective picture or general idea rather than an exact, systematic description |
| legitimate | (1) adj. conforming to the law or to rules (2) adj. able to be defended with logic or justification; valid; sound. The protesters gave legitimate reasons for the demonstrations. (3) adj. genuine; authentic; true. DNA tests proved him to be the legitimate heir. -------- legitimacy (n.) -------- legitimize v. to make legitimate -------- illegitimate adj. not authorized by law; not in accordance with accepted standards |
| longevity | n. long life; durability; endurance. The Japanese are famous for their longevity; they have the longest life expectancy of any population. |
| neglect | (1) v. to fail to care for properly (2) v. to not pay proper attention to; to disregard (3) v. to fail to do something. She neglected to tell him about the party. -------- negligent adj. failing to take proper care in doing something. Jim's negligent habit of texting while driving led to the accident that broke his spine; now he sends his texts from a wheelchair. -------- negligence (n.) -------- negligible adj. so small or unimportant as to be not worth considering; insignificant; trivial |
| nonchalant | adj. feeling or appearing casually calm and relaxed; not displaying anxiety, interest, or enthusiasm; indifferent; blasé. Gina's nonchalant attitude revealed that she was not interested in the subject. -------- nonchalance (n.) |
| orthodox | adj. conforming to what is generally or traditionally accepted as right or true; established and approved; conventional and unoriginal. New studies suggest that certain orthodox medical treatments may not be as effective as people have believed for years. -------- unorthodox adj. contrary to what is usual, traditional, or accepted; unconventional; nonconformist |
| perpetual | adj. never ending or changing; perennial; interminable. The motor in the power plan spins in perpetual motion, powering the city 24 hours a day. -------- perpetuate v. to make (something, typically an undesirable situation or an unfounded belief) continue indefinitely; to sustain; to prolong. The internet provided an arena for the bloggers to perpetuate misconceptions regarding the scandal. |
| redundant | adj. no longer needed or useful; superfluous; needlessly replicating something already present; inessential. It's redundant to say "6 a.m. in the morning" because "a.m." already tells you it's the morning. -------- redundancy (n.) |
| resurgent | adj. increasing or reviving after a period of little activity or popularity. American auto companies made a resurgent comeback after nearly going bankrupt. -------- resurgence (n.) |
| robust | adj. strong and healthy; vigorous; sturdy; resilient. The robust economy grew faster than experts had predicted. |
| secluded | adj. (of a place) not seen or visited by many people; sheltered and private; concealed. The secluded mountain cabin is the perfect place to get away from the hustle and bustle of city life. -------- seclusion n. the state of being private and away from other people; solitude |
| subjective | adj. based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions; not objective; biased; intuitive. The reviewer gave his subjective opinion on the safety of the new model, but it wasn't backed up by any numbers. -------- subjectivity (n.) |
| tentative | adj. uncertain; hesitant. We made tentative plans to go to the shore for the weekend, knowing that we would stay home if the weather was bad. |
| testify | (1) v. to give evidence as a witness in a court of law (2) v. to serve as evidence or proof of something. Her full trophy case testifies to her great athletic talents. -------- testament n. something that serves as a sign or evidence of a fact; proof -------- testimony n. a formal statement given in a court of law -------- testimonial n. a recommendation or formal statement testifying to someone's character and qualifications; an endorsement |
| vivid | (1) adj. producing powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind. The next morning, Chris could recall vivid images and feelings from the powerful dream. (2) adj. (of a color) intensely deep or bright. The vivid colors on the canvas appeared to jump out at viewers. -------- vividness (n.) |
| worldly | (1) adj. concerned with material values or ordinary life rather than a spiritual existence. Kristen is only concerned about worldly possessions; she places no value on spirituality. (2) adj. (of a person) experienced and sophisticated; cosmopolitan; urbane. My worldly college roommate has lived on every continent except Antarctica. |
| zeal | n. great energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of a cause; passion; vigor. The zeal of Phillies fans is unmatched—no city has more passionate baseball fans than Philadelphia. -------- zealous adj. fervent; ardent; fanatical; passionate -------- zealousness (n.) -------- zealot n. a person who is fanatical and uncompromising in pursuit of their religious, political, or other ideals; an extremist. Walsh did not win his party's nomination because he was seen as too much of a zealot to have wide popular appeal. -------- zealotry (n.) |
| deprecate | v. to express disapproval of; to criticize. Wilson sneered at hippie in a deprecating way. -------- self- -------- deprecating adj. humorously critical of oneself. He always puts himself down with self-deprecating jokes. |
| depreciate | v. to diminish in value over a period of time. The value of our home has depreciated by nearly $100,000. -------- depreciatory (adj.) |
| economy | (1) n. the wealth and resources of a country or region. The economy of Europe has grown tremendously since the war. (2) n. careful management of available resources. I'm looking for a car with good fuel economy. |
| economic | adj. relating to economics or the economy. The economic sanctions prevented the dictator from trading with other nations. |
| economical | (1) adj. giving good value or service for the amount of money, time, or effort spent (2) thrifty; careful not to waste money or resources. It's more economical to use compact fluorescent light bulbs than traditional incandescent. -------- economize v. to spend less; to reduce one's expenses |
| forbear | v. to politely or patiently restrain an impulse to do something; to refrain; to abstain. The little children forbear from asking questions because they don't want to interrupt the adults' conversation. |
| forebear | n. an ancestor. The performer acknowledged Jimi Hendrix as one of his most important musical forebears. |
| perspective | (1) n. a particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view. Robin's experiences living in Guatemala gave her a unique perspective on the issue. (2) n. a true understanding of the relative importance of things; a sense of proportion |
| prospective | adj. likely to happen at a future date; concerned with the future; expected to be something particular in the future; potential. We don't have final confirmation yet; the prospective wedding date is October 1st. -------- prospect n. a possibility or likelihood |
| prospectus | n. a printed document that advertises or describes a school, commercial enterprise, forthcoming book, etc., in order to attract or inform clients. At the visit, students received a detailed prospectus that covered all aspects of life at the University of Pennsylvania. |
| vicious | adj. deliberately cruel or violent; savage; malicious. The vicious tyrant was tried for war crimes. |
| viscous | adj. having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid; having a high viscosity. The viscous maple syrup slowly dripped out of the bottle. |
| air | (1) n. invisible gaseous substance (2) n. an impression of a manner given by someone; an appearance; an aura (3) n. an annoyingly pretentious and condescending manner. Tiffany answered my question with an air that revealed her arrogance. (4) v. to express (an opinion or grievance) publicly. We called a meeting in order to air our complaints. |
| resign | (1) v. to voluntarily give up a job or other position (2) v. (be resigned) to accept that something undesirable cannot be avoided. Parker is resigned to the fact that the coach will never put him into any close game. -------- resignation n. the acceptance of something undesirable but inevitable |
| appeal | (1) v. to make a serious or urgent request, typically to the public. Students appealed to the principal for a new grading policy. (2) n. a serious or urgent request (3) v. to be attractive or interesting (4) n. the quality of being attractive or interesting. The new work by the experimental artist has more popular appeal than his previous project. |
| convey | (1) v. to make (an idea, impression, or feeling) known or understandable to someone; to communicate. Cindy's laughter conveyed her newfound happiness. (2) v. to transport or carry to a place. The new irrigation ditch will convey fresh water to the farmland. |
| avuncular | adj. kind and friendly toward a younger or less experienced person; (literally: relating to an uncle). Matt's avuncular affection for Kaila was revealed by the many gifts and toys he bought her. |
| cataclysmic | adj. relating to a violent natural event or disaster; catastrophic; denoting something unpleasant or unsuccessful on an enormous scale. The cataclysmic natural disaster caused billions of dollars in damage. |
| denude | v. to strip (something) of its covering, possessions, or assets; to make bare. The island has been almost completely denuded of its trees, harvested by the locals for firewood. |
| extol | v. to praise enthusiastically; to acclaim; to laud. In his recent State of the Union speech, the president extolled the virtues of the country's innovation and technology sectors. |
| itinerant | adj. traveling from place to place; peripatetic. The itinerant salesman has visited almost every small town in the state. |
| moribund | adj. at the point of death; in terminal decline; lacking vitality or vigor. The moribund atmosphere of the hospital unsettled Peter. |
| multifarious | adj. having many varied parts or aspects; diverse; multifaceted; heterogeneous. We are a multifarious corporation with departments that focus on everything from research to marketing. |
| penitent | adj. feeling or showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong; repentant. The thief appeared penitent, shedding tears when apologizing to his victims in court. |
| usurp | v. to take (a position of power or importance) illegally or by force. Richard usurped the throne by hiring an assassin to dispatch his predecessor. |
| vindicate | (1) v. to clear (someone) of blame or suspicion; to exonerate; to exculpate (2) v. to show or prove to be right, reasonable, or justified; to verify; to corroborate. Mary's skeptical view of the new teacher was vindicated when it was discovered that he was stealing from the school. -------- vindication (n.) |
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