| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Vertebrae | Irregular shaped bones |
| Intervertebral disks | Cartilage (Fibrocartilage) between vertebrate which cushions and adds flexibility |
| Ligaments | Holds the vertebrae in a straight vertical line |
| Body | Thick drum shape on ventral side (towards belly) |
| Vertebrae | Has a foramen which protects the delicate spinal cord |
| Vertebral arch | Forms the ring around the spinal cord and made of 2 parts called the pedicle and laminae |
| Body | Stacked on top of each other |
| Body | Fuction: Supports body weight |
| Body | Has cartilage between them |
| Body | Where the bone marrow is located for RBC production |
| Vertebral foramen | Hole through center of the bone that allows the spinal never to pass and offers protection |
| Transverse processes | "Wings" |
| Transverse processes | Sticks out the sides of the bone |
| Transverse processes, Spinous processes | Fuction: Provides a place for muscle attachment |
| Spinous processes | Part that sticks out the back |
| Facets | Area of contact between vertebrate and/or ribs |
| Facets | Flatten surface |
| Atlas | C1 |
| Atlas | Top most vertebrae |
| Atlas | Supports head with 2 large facets |
| Atlas | Yes motion |
| Axis | C2 |
| Axis | Pivots the head |
| Dens | Body has enlarged into a process |
| Axis | Has dens |
| Axis | No motion |
| Cervical | Location: Neck |
| Cervical | 7 Bones |
| C3-C7 | Smallest of vertebrae |
| C3-C7 | Split spinous processes |
| C3-C7 | Two extra foramen for blood vessels |
| Thoracic | Location: Back of the chest |
| Thoracic | 12 Bones |
| Cervical | C1-C7 |
| Thoracic | T1-T12 |
| Thoracic | Long pointy spinous process which slope's downward |
| Thoracic | Side facets for rib attachment |
| Thoracic | Body is heart shaped |
| Thoracic | Looks like a giraffe's head |
| Lumbar | Location: Lower back "Small of back" |
| Lumbar | 5 Bones |
| Lumbar | L1-L5 |
| Lumbar | Wider bodies to support more weight than others |
| Lumbar | Sturdiest bone |
| Lumbar | Looks like moose's head |
| Lumbar | Foramen is triangular |
| Lumbar | Extra set of transverse processes |
| Sacrum | Location: Buttocks |
| Sacrum | 5 Fused |
| Sacrum | 1 Triangular Plate |
| Sacrum | Bones are fused into one piece |
| Sacrum | 8 Foramen for blood vessels and nerves |
| Coccyx | Location: Tailbone |
| Coccyx | Bottom of sacrum |
| Coccyx | End of vertebrae column |
| Coccyx | 4 Fused |
| True ribs | Ribs 1-7 |
| False ribs | Ribs 8-10 |
| Floating ribs | Ribs 11-12 |
| Body, costal cartilage, manubrium, xiphoid process | Four parts of the sternum |
| Vertebral column | Function: Supports head + Trunk. Protects spinal cord |
| Intervertebral disks | Separates the vertebrae |
| Ligaments | Connects the vertebrae |
| Thoracic cage | Ribs, thoracic vertebrae, sternum, and costal cartilage |
| True ribs | Join sternum directly with a costal cartilage |
| False ribs | Joins sternum indirectly with a costal cartilage |
| Floating ribs | Joins sternum indirectly with no costal cartilage |
| Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx | Name all five parts of the vertebrae |
| 4 normal curves | Provides strength, maintain balance, absorb shock and protect |
| Primary curves | Formed during fetal development, thoracic and sacral curves |
| Secondary curves | Formed after birth, cervical curve (3months head erect) and lumbar curve (6-12 walk, etc) |
| Kyphosis | Abnormal thoracic curve and hunch back |
| Lordosis | Lumbar curve, goes inward and sways back |
| Scoliosis | Lateral bending in thoracic region |
Combine with other sets
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