Microbiology Exam 3 Vocab.
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43 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Atresia | is a condition in which a body orifice or passage in the body is abnormally closed or absent. |
| Reverse transcriptase | a polymerase that catalyzes the formation of DNA using RNA as a template |
| Viremia | the presence of a virus in the blood stream |
| Tropism | an involuntary orienting response; positive or negative reaction to a stimulus source |
| Syncytia | Expression of glycoproteins on the surface of infected cells triggers the fusion of neighboring cells into multinucleated giant cells |
| Prodrome | Incubation period may proceed without symptoms (asymptomatic) or may produce nonspecific early symptoms such as fever, head or body ache, or chills |
| Prions | Infectious protein particles that do not have a genome. |
| Peyer patches | Gut-associated lymphoid tissue present in the wall of the small intestine, especially the ileum. |
| Papillomas | a benign tumor (as a wart) resulting from an overgrowth of epithelial tissue on papillae of vascularized connective tissue |
| Oncogenic | causing tumors |
| lymphadenopathy | chronic abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes (usually associated with disease) |
| Intussusception | growth in the surface area of a cell by the deposit of new particles between existing particles in the cell wall |
| integrin | A receptor protein built into the plasma membrane that interconnects the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton. |
| Cervical Carcinomas | Cervical cancer is a disease in which the cells of the cervix become abnormal and start to grow uncontrollably, forming tumors |
| Clathrin | Protein that plays a major role in vesicle formation during receptor mediated endocytosis; forms a coated pit on the plasma membrane |
| Demyelination | loss of the myelin covering of some nerve fibers resulting in their impaired function |
| Arboviral | diseases reflect the life cycle of the arthropod vector or its reservoir (e.g., birds) |
| Apoptosis | programmed cell death |
| Pleomorphic | the appearance of two or more distinctly different forms in the life cycle of some organisms |
| Hematemesis | vomiting blood |
| Epistaxis | bleeding from the nose |
| Ecchymosis | the escape of blood from ruptured blood vessels into the surrounding tissue to form a purple or black-and-blue spot on the skin |
| Chikungunya | virus (CHIKV) is an insect-borne virus, of the genus Alphavirus, that is transmitted to humans by virus-carrying Aedes mosquitoes. Severe and crippling arthritis |
| Neuraminidase | glycoprotein found on the surfaces of viruses, that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal acylneuraminic residues from oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids |
| Hemagglutinin | Major cell surface glycoprotein; Facilitates binding to host cell receptors and endosomal fusion |
| Oophoritis | inflammation of one or both ovaries |
| Croup | a disease of infants and young children; difficult breathing |
| Parotitis | inflammation of one or both parotid glands |
| Bronchiolitis | inflammation of the membranes lining the bronchioles |
| Encephalitis | inflammation of the brain usually caused by a virus |
| Exanthem | eruption on the skin occurring as a symptom of a disease |
| Photophobia | pain in the eye resulting from exposure to bright light |
| Conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye |
| Pleurodynia (Bornholm disease) | aka devil's grip, excruciating chest and abdominal pain |
| Herpangina | vesicular ulcerated lesions around the soft palate and uvula |
| Bulbar poliomyelitis | more severe, effects pharynx, vocal chords and lungs, 75% death rate |
| Integrase | an enzyme used by retroviruses to splice itself to a genome |
| Kaposi sarcoma | A cancer that causes patches of abnormal tissue to grow under the skin, in the lining of the mouth, nose, and throat or in other organs. The patches are usually red or purple and are made of cancer cells and blood cells |
| Interferon | Inhibits proper processing (splicing) and translation of viral mRNA |
| Nucleoside Analofues | Modification of base, sugar or both |
| Viral Integrase Inhibitor | antiviral class |
| Virion Assembly and Release | Glycoprotein processing |
| Virion Integrity | Nonoxynol-9 |
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