APES Princeton Review Chpt. 6
Order by
40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 agroforestry | when trees and crops are planted together, creating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between them |
| aquaculture | the raising of fish and other aquatic species in captivity for harvest |
| bottom trawling | a fishing technique in which the ocean floor is literally scraped by heavy nets that smash everything in their path |
| by-catch | any other species of fish, mammals, or birds that are caught that are not the target organism |
| capture fisheries | fish farming in which fish are caught in the wild and not raised in captivity for consumption |
| clear-cutting | the removal of all of the trees in an area |
| conservation | the management or regulation of a resource so that its use does not exceed the capacity of the resource to regenerate itself |
| consumption | the day-to-day use of environmental resources such as food, clothing, and housing |
| contour plowing | a process in which rows of crops are plowed across the hillside; prevents erosion that can occur when rows are cut up and down on a slope |
| deforestation | the removal of trees for agricultural purposes or purposes of exportation |
| driftnets | nets that are dragged through the water and indiscriminately catch everything in their path |
| ecosystem capital | the value of natural resources |
| fishery | the industry or occupation devoted to the catching, processing, or selling of fish, shellfish, or other aquatic animals |
| greenbelt | open or forested areas built at the outer edge of a city |
| ground fires | smoldering fires that take place in bogs or swamps and can burn underground for days or weeks; originate from surface fires and are hard to detect and extinguish |
| intercropping | practice of planting bands of different crops across a hillside |
| long lining | in fishing, the use of long lines that have baited hooks and will be taken by numerous aquatic organisms |
| malnutrition | poor nutrition that results from an insufficient or poorly balanced diet |
| mineral deposit | an area in which a particular mineral is concentrated |
| mining | the excavation of the Earth for the purpose of extracting ore or minerals |
| monoculture | when just one type of plant is planted in a large area |
| natural resources | biotic and abiotic natural ecosystems |
| nonrenewable resources | resources that are often formed by very slow geologic processes, so we consider them incapable of being regenerated within the realm of human existence |
| no-till methods | refers to when farmers plant seeds without using a plow to turn the soil |
| old growth forest | one that has never been cut; these forests have not been seriously disturbed for several hundred years |
| overgrazed | when grass is consumed by animals at a faster rate than it can regrow |
| preservation | the maintenance of a species or ecosystem in order to ensure their perpetuation, with no concern as to their potential monetary value |
| production | the use of environmental resources for profit |
| renewable resources | refers to resources, such as plants and animals, which can be regenerated if harvested at sustainable yields |
| second growth forests | areas where cutting has occurred and a new, younger forest has arisen |
| selective cutting | the removal of select trees in an area; this leaves the majority of the habitat in place and has less of an impact on the ecosystem |
| shelter-wood cutting | when mature trees are cut over a period of time; leaves mature trees, which can reseed the future, in place |
| silviculture | the management of forest plantations for the purpose of harvesting timber |
| slash and burn | when an area of vegetation is cut down and burned before being planted with crops |
| surface fires | fires that typically burn only the forest's underbrush and do little damage to mature trees; protect the forest from more harmful fires by removing underbrush and dead materials that would burn quickly and at high temperatures |
| tailings | piles of gangue, which is the waste material that results from mining |
| traditional subsistence agriculture | when each family in a community grows crops for themselves and rely on animal and human labor to plant and harvest crops |
| terracing | creating flat platforms in the hillside that provide a level planting surface, which reduces soil runoff from the slope |
| tree farms | also known as plantations, these are planted and managed tracts of trees of the same age that are harvested for commercial use |
| uneven-aged management | the broad category under which selective cutting and shelter-wood cutting fall; selective deforestation |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.