NU Musculoskeletal System 2 (2nd yr)
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46 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 smooth muscle | the non-striated muscle that allows involuntary movement |
| skeletal muscle | the striated muscle attached to bones that allows voluntary movement |
| cardiac muscle | the striated muscle found in the heart that has both skeletal and smooth muscle properties |
| fascia | a sheet of connective tissue which binds together muscles or other organs |
| fascicle | a bundle of fibers, especially muscle or nerve fibers |
| caput | the end of a muscle attached to a part of the skeleton |
| venter | the widest part of a long muscle that swells when flexed |
| origin | the point where a muscle is attached to a relatively less mobile bigger part of the body |
| insertion | the point where a muscle is attached to the more mobile part of the body |
| levator scapulae | the muscle in the neck that raises the scapula |
| sternocleidomastoid | the muscle coming out from the chest near the collarbones into the neck |
| trapezius | the major muscle extending from the neck to the shoulder; also known as traps |
| pectoralis major | the major muscle of the chest; also known as pecs |
| deltoids | the major muscle of the shoulder |
| rotator cuff | the musculotendinous tissue in the shoulder which allows the shoulder to move in many ways |
| biceps brachii | the major muscle on the front of the upper part of each arm; also known as biceps |
| triceps brachii | the major muscle on the back of the upper part of each arm; also known as triceps |
| brachioradialis | the muscle on the outside part of the forearm which functions to flex the forearm |
| latissimus dorsi | the muscle on the outside edges of the back under the shoulders; also known as lats |
| rectus abdominis | the muscle on the front of the lower abdominal area; also known as abs |
| gluteus maximus | the muscle of the buttocks; also known as glutes |
| quadriceps femoris | the large muscle in the front of the upper leg; also known as quads |
| biceps femoris | the large muscle in the back of the upper portion of each leg; also known as hamstrings |
| gastrocnemius | the large muscle on the back of the lower part of each leg below the back of the knee; also known as calves |
| soleus | the muscle found on the lower half of the lower leg (also part of the calves) |
| fracture | a break in a bone |
| complete fracture | the kind of bone break which goes all the way through |
| transverse fracture | the kind of bone break which is perpendicular to the length of a bone |
| oblique fracture | the kind of bone break which is at an angle to the length of a bone |
| spiral fracture | the kind of bone break which twists along the length of a bone |
| hairline fracture | the kind of bone break which is a thin crack in the surface of a bone |
| greenstick fracture | the kind of bone break in which part of the bone is broken and the other part is bent; usually seen in children |
| comminuted/ multifragmental fracture | the kind of bone break which results in many small pieces |
| open fracture | the kind of bone break which goes through the skin to the outside; also known as a compound fracture |
| closed fracture | the kind of bone break which does not pierce the skin |
| avulsion fracture | the kind of bone break in which the bony attachment of the tendon breaks |
| impacted fracture | the kind of bone break which results in one part of the broken bone going into the other |
| dislocation | when a bone goes out of position especially at a joint |
| sprain | injury to ligaments |
| arthritis | inflammation of a joint or joints |
| osteoarthritis | the kind of arthritis in which the cartilage at the joints deteriorates |
| whiplash | the injury of the vertebrae and soft tissues in the neck often caused by sudden impact from behind which causes the head to snap back |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | inflammation of the nerve in the wrist usually caused by repetitive prolonged wrist movement |
| herniated disk | the damaged soft tissue between vertebrae; also known as slipped disk |
| hip pointer | the deep bruise of the hip that is usually a sports related injury |
| bunion | the condition in which the first joint of the big toe becomes larger and affects the positioning of the toe |
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