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artery blood vessel that takes blood away from the heart atrium two top chambers of the heart that receive blood capillary tiny blood vessel with walls so thin that oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide, and waste can pass through septum separates left and right sides of heart vein type of blood vessel that directs blood TO the heart ventricle two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out to the body and lungs pulmonary artery artery that carries blood away from the heart and to the lungs platelets cell fragments that help produce fibrin to form blood clots to heal wounds hemoglobin a substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen red blood cells have no nucleus, look like donuts with no holes and are red, carry oxygen and nutrients to cells and carry away carbon dioxide and other waste. white blood cells have a nucleus, look like sticky balls, help fight off disease plasma the liquid part of the blood; 90% water valves this part closes temporarily to allow blood to flow in only in one direction aorta the main artery that carries blood from the left side of the heart to the body transfusion when donated blood is used on a patient O Universal blood type that can give to O, A, B, and AB AB Blood type that can accept transfusions from all others (A, B, AB, & 0) hypertension disease in which blood pressure is abnormally high (systolic is over 140) cholesterol waxy substance that clogs arteries lymph material that leaks out of capillaries that is returned to blood system through lymphatic system