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__ ___: The relative access individuals and groups have to basic material resources, wealth, power and prestige social differentiation ___- no one has any more privileged access to resources, power or prestige than any other egalitarian __ ___- is characterized by institutionalized difference in prestige, but no important restriction on access to basic resources rank society the basic unit of organization in small scale societies is ___ kinship __ ___- you have very formal structure economic and social inequality. stratified society the economic system associated with stratified society is ___ industrialism __ __- a position that you are born into ascribed position __ __- a social position one chooses or achieves on one's own achieved position egalitarian society is associated with ___ and ___ bands tribes ____ ___- no fixed number of social positions or associated competition for those positions egalitarian societies in a rank society, all individuals can obtain material necessities through membership in __ __ kinship groups social ranking is associated with the form of political organization called ___ chiefdom ___ ___ based upon highly productive horticultural or pastoral societies rank society ___ ___- characterized by formal, permanent social and economic inequality, in which some people are denied basic resources stratified society stratified society is economically organized by __ ___ market systems stratified societies are normally based on intensive ___ cultivation stratified societies are associated with ___ industrialism stratified societies are associated with a form of political organization called the ___ state bands consist of a small group of people related by ___ blood bands use ___ __ economic exchanges generalized reciprocity band societies have no __ __ formal leadership leaders of bands are: -elders or skilled __ -leaders cannot enforce their decisions, but __ -based on past __ hunters persuade performance band organization is based and maintained by ___ gossip in a band society, ___ is rare and generally avoided warfare in a band society, conflicts may be resolved through __ __ public contests ___ are culturally distinct populations who believe themselves to be descended from a common ancestor tribes tribes are found primarily among ___ and ___ pastoralists horticulturalists ___ leaders are common. -government is decentralized and few positions of authority exist tribal tribal leadership is organized by ___ kinship groups which also control basic economic resources unilineal warfare is a __ __ and __ __pattern of collective violence directed toward other societies or between segments of the larger society formally organized culturally recognized ___ are societies with social ranking in which political integration is achieved through an office of centralized leadership: "The Chief" chiefdoms chiefdoms are often found among ___ and __ cultivators pastoralists chiefdoms have ___ status ascribed ___ does not have anything to do with biology race ___ -nonviolent protests -converted untouchables -turned them buddhist camar ___ ____- -those who have wealth/power use it to maintain power conflict theory ___- (20-50 members), related by blood. -no formal leadership -social order maintained by gossip bands ___- -believe that they are related -pastoralists/horticulturalists - gift giving -unilineal kinship tribe the competitive feast/gift giving is called the __ potlatch the __ -hierarchal, central form of gov -social order via class -blood/marriage state ___- dominant class ideals on lower class hegemony in small scale socities __ is based on religion, kin, economics power __ ___: ways in which individuals and groups used power to achieve public goals political process ___: informal systems of allienace within well defined political power to achieve public goals factions ____: ability to direct an enterprise or action leadership