| Term | Definition |
|---|
| pastoral verse | a poem presenting shepherds in rural settings, usually in an idealized manner |
| octave | the first 8 lines of a sonnet |
| sestet | the last 6 lines of a sonnet |
| English/Shakespearean sonnet | contains 3 quatrains and a final couplet; rhyme scheme is abab cdcd efef gg |
| quatrain | a four line stanza or unit of poetry |
| couplet | a rhymed pair of lines |
| Spenserian sonnet | a variation of the Shakespearean sonnet which has the same structure, but using the interlocking rhyme scheme abab bcbc cdcd ee |
| conceit | parallels 2 essentially dissimilar things on different points |
| paradox | a statement that seems to contradict itself, but reveals some element of truth |
| iambic pentameter | a metrical line of five feet, or units, each of which is made up of 2 syllables, the first unstressed and the 2nd stressed |
| sonnet cycle | a series of related sonnets with the same subject |
| lyric poem | same as a sonnet |
| volta | the point of dramatic change between the octave and the sestet |
| slant rhyme | end rhymes that are not exact, but approximate |
| pastoral poetry | poem presenting shepherds in rural settings; usually an idealized manner |
| rhyme scheme | the pattern of end rhyme scheme in a poem |
| metaphysical poetry | a style of poetry that rejected Elizabethan love poetry with its musical quality and themes of courtly love |
| Italian/Petrarchan sonnet | consists of octave and sestet |
| rebirth | What does renaissance mean? |
| a many faceted person who cultivated his innate talents to the fullest | What was the ideal "renaissance man?" |
| arts and literature, the beauty of nature, human impulses and in a new sense of mastery over the world | What did the Renaissance Europeans delight in and emphasize? |
| with producing an heir | What was King Henry VIII obsessed with? |
| the daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine who took the throne and persecuted protestants | Who was "Bloody Mary?" |
| a group conspired to kill James I and blow up parliament; it was unsuccessful | What was the "Gunpowder Plot of 1605?" |
| Royalists and supporters of Parliament | Who was the English civil war between? |
| Italy; 13th century | Where and when did the sonnet originate? |
| the word sonneto meaning "little song" | What does the word "sonnet" come from? |
| and Italian poet | Who was Petrarch? |
| Sir Thomas Wyatt | Who introduced the Petrarchan sonnet? |
| Henry Howard | Who further modified the rhyme scheme? |
| Shakespearean sonnet | What did the English sonnet eventually become known as? |
| Personal thoughts, emotions and feelings | What do lyric poems focus on? |
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