Vision
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Created by:
ggasperlin on April 16, 2011
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Vergence | movements that keep both eyes fixed on the same target |
| saccadic | rapid, jerky movements that shift your gaze from one point to another |
| pursuit | movements that allow us to maintain a moving object |
| fovea | highest concentration of cones is found here; specialized in visual acuity |
| Amacrine | cells in the retina that connect adjacent ganglion cells with bipolar cells |
| Horizontal | cells in the retinat that connect photoreceptors with bipolar cells |
| Trichromatic | theory of colour vision postulating that colour perception is a function of the relative rates of response by three types of cone photoreceptors, each sensitive to a different set of wavelenghts |
| trichromatic | theory of colour vision that fails to explain after images and blends of colours |
| Opponent Process | theory of colour vision stating that we percieve color in terms of paired opposites: red/green, yellow/blue, black/white |
| receptive field | the area of the visual field in which the presence of a stimulus influences the firing rate of that neuron; the part of the neuron in which light must fall to excite the neuron |
| ON Cell | stimulated by light falling on center; inhibited by light falling on periphery |
| OFF Cell | inhibited by light falling on center; stimulated by light falling on periphery |
| Lateral | geniculate nucleus associated in vision; of the thalamus; relay point of vision signal between retina and primary visual cortex |
| Orientation Sensitive | neuron in the striate cortex that responds only when a line of a particular direction appears within its receptive field |
| Simple | Orientation Sensitive Neuron whose receptive field is organized in an opponent fashion; inhibitory region runs parallel to receptive field |
| Complex | Orientation Sensitive Neuron which does not possess an inhibitory surround; respond when line moves perpendicular to its angle of orientation; movement detectors |
| Hypercomplex | Orientation Sensitive Neuron that has inhibitory regions at the end of a line segment |
| High Frequency | sharp edges provide this signal |
| low frequency | image looks unfocused but we can still make out the form |
| Ventral | the "what" stream; recognizes what the object is and the color |
| Dorsal | the "where" stream; recognizes where the object is and whether it is moving |
| TE and TEO | areas of the brain at the end of the ventral visual stream; damage here leads to difficulty in determining WHAT an object is |
| Visual Agnosia | the inability to recognize objects, persons, or shapes in the absences of blindness or memory loss |
| Prosopagnosia | deficit in recognizing faces; face blindness |
| Fusiform Gyrus | area of the brain with special "face-recognizing" circuits |
| MT | area of the extrastriate cortex that contains neurons which respond to motion |
| Area V5 | area of the estrastriate cortex that contains neurons which respond to motion |
| akinetopsia | inability to percieve motion; caused by bilateral damage to MT (or Area V5) |
| MST | performs further motion analysis |
| Area V5a | performs further motion analysis |
| Optic Flow | the analysis of the relative movement of the visual elements around us; riding a bike, everything is moving on its own AND in relation to us |
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