Ecology and the Environment: Mutualism
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11 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Commensalism | one party benefits, other does not benefit nor is harmed (+, 0 interactions) |
| Mutualism | both parties benefit (+, + interactions) |
| Obligate | a species is so dependent on the interaction that it cannot persist in the absence of the other species |
| Facultative | mutualistic relationship not required for the survival of the two species |
| Obligate Symbiotic Mutualism: Algae and Fungi | Fungi prevent desiccation, provide nutrients, Algae provides carbon |
| Trophic mutualisms | Partners specialized in complementary ways to obtain energy and nutrients |
| Defensive mutualisms | Species receive food or shelter from partners in return for defending partners |
| Examples of Defensive mutualism | cleaner fish, ants and acacia |
| Obligate dispersive mutualism: Yuccas and yucca moths | Female yucca moths are sole pollinator Moth larvae develop only inside yucca flowers |
| Symbiotic Mutualism: Legumes + Rhizobia | Rhizobia live in plant roots, make N available to plant. Plant provides carbs Legumes used as source of N in agricultural systems |
| Symbiotic Mutualism: Mycorrhizal Fungi | fungi and roots of plants: improves plant access to nutrients and water, can increase disease resistance, provides fungi with energy, beneficial in nutrient-poor soils |
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