CHE 329 Ch17
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Where does beta-oxidation occur? | matrix of the mitochondria |
| Describe the enzyme(s) used in beta-oxidation | four separate enzymes |
| What is the C2 unit product of beta-oxidation? | acetyl-CoA |
| What two hormones stimulate beta-oxidation? | epinephrine, glucagon |
| What three things inhibit beta-oxidation? | insulin, NADH, acetyl-CoA |
| Where does fatty acid biosynthesis occur? | cytosol |
| Describe the enzyme(s) used in fatty acid biosynthesis | 1 huge homo dimer with seven active sites |
| What is the C2 unit donor of fatty acid biosynthesis? | malonyl-CoA |
| What two things stimulate fatty acid biosynthesis? | insulin, citrate |
| What three things inhibit fatty acid biosynthesis? | epinephrine, glucagon, AMP |
| Under normal conditions, what occurs when glycolysis can keep up with B-oxidation? | oxaloacetate (from pyruvate) combines with acetyl-CoA (from B-oxidation) to form citrate and goes through the CAC |
| When are ketone bodies formed? | When there isn't enough oxaloacetate available to condense with acetyl-CoA and go through the CAC |
| What is the starting molecule for forming ketone bodies? | two acetyl-CoA's |
| What are the final three ketone body products? | acetone, acetoacetate, D-B-hydroxybutryate |
| Which ketone body product is exhaled? | acetone |
| Which two ketone body products are transported by blood to extrahepatic tissues and converted to acetyl-CoA to be oxidized by CAC? | acetoacetate, D-B-Hydroxybutyrate |
| What are the three consequences of ketone bodies building up in the body? | ketosis, acidosis, death |
| What is ketosis? | increase concentration of ketone bodies in the blood |
| What is acidosis? | build up of ketone bodies causes a decrease in blood pH |
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