Appedix I: Body Systems: Endocrine System
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Created by:
gandalfwannabe on April 17, 2011
Subjects:
medical terminology: a short course. 5th edition. david-ellen chabner.
Description:
Medical Terminology: A Short Course. 5th Edition. By David-Ellen Chabner.
Digestive System.
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 adren/o | adrenal gland |
| adrenal/o | adrenal gland |
| hypophys/o | pituitary gland |
| oophor/o | ovary |
| ovari/o | ovary |
| orch/o | testis |
| orchi/o | testis |
| orchid/o | testis |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| parathyroid/o | parathyroid gland |
| pituitar/o | pituitary gland |
| thym/o | thymus gland |
| thyroid/o | thyroid gland |
| Acromegaly: | Enlargement of extremities caused by hypersecretion from the anterior portion of the pituitary gland after puberty. |
| Cushing Syndrome: | A group of clinical features produced by excess secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex. These signs and symptoms include obesity, moon-like faces (fullness of the face), hyperglycemia, and osteoporosis. |
| Diabetes mellitus: | A disorder of the pancreas that causes an increase in blood glucose levels. |
| Type 1 diabetes: | onset usually in childhood, involves complete deficiency of insulin in the body. |
| Type 2 diabetes: | onset usually in adulthood, involves some insulin deficiency and resistance of tissues to the action of insulin. |
| Goiter: | Enlargement of the thyroid gland. |
| Hyperthyroidism: | Overactivity of the thyroid gland; also called Graves disease or exophtalmic (eyeballs bulge outward) goiter. |
| Computed tomography (Ct) scan: | Cross-sectional x-ray images of the pituitary gland and other endocrine organs. |
| Exophthalmometry: | Measurement of eyeball protrusion (exophthalmos) as an indicator of Graves disease (hyperthyroidism). |
| Fasting blood sugar (glucose) test: | Measurement of glucose levels in a blood sample taken from a fasting patient and in specimens taken 30 minutes, one hour, two hours, and three hours after the ingestion of 75 g of glucose. Delayed return of blood glucose to narmal levels indicates diabetes mellitus. |
| Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): | Magnetic waves produce images of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and other endocrine organs in all three planes of the body. |
| Radioactive iodine uptake: | The uptake of radioactive iodine, given by mouth, measured as evidence of thyroid function. |
| Serum and urine tests: | Measurement of hormones, electrolytes (such as sodium and potassium), and glucose levels in blood (serum) and urine as indicators of endocrine function. |
| Thyroid function tests: | Measurement of levels of T4 (thyroxine), and T3 (triiodothyronnine), and TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) in the bloodstream. |
| Thyroid scan: | Procedure in which a radioactive compound, injected intravenously, localizes in the thyroid gland. A scanning device produces an image showing the presence of tumors or nodules in the gland. |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| GH | Growth hormone (secreted by the pituitary gland) |
| GTT | Glucose tolerance test (measures the ability to respond to a glucose load; test for diabetes mellitus) |
| K | potassium (an electrolyte) |
| Na | Sodium (an electrolyte) |
| T3 | thriiodothyronine (hormone from the thyroid gland) |
| T4 | thyroxine (hormone from the thyroid gland) |
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