Chapter 16 Cold War
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Satellite State | Country controlled by a more powerful nation |
| Cold War | Worldwide rivalry between the U.S. and Soviet Union |
| Iron Curtain | Winston Churchill's term for the Cold War division between the Soviet-dominated East and the U.S.-dominated West. |
| Truman Doctrine | President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology |
| Containment | keeping Communism from spreading to countries that are not Communist |
| Marshall Plan | a United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952) |
| Berlin Airlift | airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin |
| NATO | an international organization created in 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty for purposes of collective security |
| Warsaw Pact | treaty signed in 1945 that formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries behind the Iron Curtain; USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania |
| Jiang Jieshi | Chinese nationalist leader that was against Mao and supported by the US |
| Mao Zedong | Chinese communist leader (1893-1976) |
| 38th Parallel | line of latitude that separated North and South Korea |
| Douglas MacArthur | United States general who served commander of U.S and U.N. forces during the Korean War |
| Limited War | war fought to achieve only specific goals |
| Kim Il Sung | Communist leader of North Korea; his attack on South Korea in 1950 started the Korean War. He remained in power until 1994. |
| Symnan Rhee | Rhee was elected first President of Korea, which he ruled with a strong hand for twelve critical years (1875-1965). |
| Arms Race | a competition between nations to have the most powerful armaments |
| Mutually Assured Destruction | (MAD) if either US or the USSR was hit with a nuclear weapons they would respond with the same |
| Brinkmanship | the policy of pushing a dangerous situation to the brink of disaster (to the limits of safety) |
| Nikita Kruschev | Soviet leader during 1950's - 60's |
| Nationalize | put under state control or ownership |
| Suez Crisis | July 26, 1956, Nasser (leader of Egypt) nationalized the Suez Canal, Oct. 29, British, French and Israeli forces attacked Egypt. UN forced British to withdraw; made it clear Britain was no longer a world power |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | policy of the US that it would defend the middle east against attack by any communist country |
| CIA | an independent agency of the United States government responsible for collecting and coordinating intelligence and counterintelligence activities abroad in the national interest |
| NASA | an independent agency of the United States government responsible for aviation and spaceflight |
| Sputnik | The world's first space satellite; launched by the Soviets |
| Red Scare | a period of general fear of communists |
| HUAC | The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) was an investigating committee which investigated what it considered un-American propaganda, |
| Hollywood Ten | Group of people in the film industry who were jailed for refusing to answer congressional questions regarding Communist influence in Hollywood |
| Blacklist | put on a blacklist so as to banish or cause to be boycotted |
| Alger Hiss | A former State Department official who was accused of being a Communist spy and was convicted of perjury. The case was prosecuted by Richard Nixon. |
| Julius and Ethel Rosenberg | Arrested in the Summer of 1950 and executed in 1953, they were convicted of conspiring to commit espionage by passing plans for the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. |
| Joseph R. McCarthy | led a crusade to investigate officials he claimed were Communists |
| McCarthyism | unscrupulously accusing people of disloyalty (as by saying they were Communists) |
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