Cells and Heredity- Chapter 1 Cell Structure and Function
About this set
Created by:
Vrushrocks on April 18, 2011
Subjects:
Description:
4 Mr. Baker's Science class
(29 terms)
Order by
29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cells | Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things |
| Microscope | A microscope is an instrument that makes small objects look larger. |
| Cell Theory | The cell theory states the following: *All living things are composed of cells. *Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. *All cells are produced from other cells. |
| organelles | A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell |
| Cell Wall | A plant's cell wall helps to protect and support the cell. |
| Cell Membrane | The cell membrane controls what substances come into and out of a cell. |
| Nucleus | the nucleus is like cell's control center, directing all of the cell's activities. |
| Cytoplasm | The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus; in organisms without a nucleus, the region located inside the cell membrane. |
| Mitochondria | Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another. |
| Ribosome | A small grain-like structure in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made. |
| Golgi Body | A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell. |
| Chloroplast | A structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food. |
| Vacuole | A sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area. |
| Lysosome | A small, round cell structure containing chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones. |
| Element | An element is any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. |
| Compound | Two or more elements that are chemically combined. |
| Carbohydrate | Energy-rich organic compound, such as a sugar or a starch, that is made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| Lipid | Energy-rich organic compound, such as a fat, oil, or wax, that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| Protein | Large organic molecule made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. |
| Amino Acid | A small molecule that is linked chemically to other amino acids to form proteins. |
| Enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing. |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring. |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid; a nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins. |
| Selectively Permeable | A property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot. |
| Diffusion | Diffusion is the main method by which small molecules move across the cell membrane. |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane. |
| Passive Transport | The movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy. |
| Active Transport | The movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.