Chapter 2 Roman Archaeology
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37 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Dominus Italica | typical single0family house of this period |
| stucco | plaster-type texture |
| chalcidicum | entrance vestibule of a basilica. |
| basilica | building for legal and other civic proceedings |
| tribunal | an elevated platform at the end of nave of basilica on which judges and other magistrates presided over official business. |
| nave | the central space of a basilica, demarcated from the flanking aisles by a row of columns on each side. |
| apse | curved end of the room |
| hypocaust system | floor is raised on brick stilts so hot air can flow into the room |
| cavea | seating area of theater (semi-circular) |
| odeum | next to theater, it is a concert hall. |
| Theater Tectum | official name of odeum at Pompeii, Quinctius Valgus and Marcus Porcius founded |
| Amphitheater | "double theater", at Pompeii, it was also founded by Quinctus Valgus and Marcus Porcius. It could seate 20,000 spectators and was situated on natural hillsides. It was created with concrete and issued an arena where galdiators fought. |
| 59 CE | Brawl breaks out in Amphitheater between Pompeiians and Nucerians during a gladiateral contest. |
| velarium | cloth awning |
| necropolis | city of dead |
| 386 BCE | Gauls descended upon Rome from the North and sacked the city. |
| Hippodamus of Miletus | Aristotle singled out him as the father of rational city planning. |
| orthogonal plans (Hippodamian Plan) | the imposition of a strict grid plan on a site, regardless of the terrain, so that all the streets meet at right angles. |
| Ostia | 1st Roman colony in late 4th century BCE. A walled settlement, located at the mouth of the Tiber river. It is rectangular in plan with four gates at cardinal points. |
| Castrum | typical Roman Military Camp, it became the norm plan of the Mediteranean world. |
| Insulae | islands |
| Pompeii | Roman colony incorporated in 79 CE when Mount Vesuvius erupted. |
| Oscans | Italic tribes occupied Italy at the time of Etruscan ruling over Rome. First to settle at Pompeii |
| Smanites | Another Italian tribe, took over town from Oscans and expanded the original settlement, giving shape to the city center. |
| 80 bce | Roman ruled Pompeii |
| thermopolia | hot-food stands |
| larium | shrine to the 'lares' household God. |
| cardo | The main north-south street in a Roman city. |
| Decumnaus | Main east-west street in a Roman city. |
| forum | public square of a Roman city, often situated at the intersection of the cardo and the decumanus. |
| lares | Roman household God. |
| Palaestra | exercise courtyard framed by poritcos. |
| Porticos | roofed colonnades |
| natatio | swimming pool in a Roman bathing facility |
| laconicum | sweating room in a Roman bathing facility |
| apodyterium | changing room in a Roman bathing facility |
| frigidarium | the cold-water room in a Roman bathing facility. |
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