Life Science - Bio ch 16 VOCABULARY
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 respiration | the process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy they contain |
| cilia | The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a wavelike manner |
| pharynx | the throat |
| trachea | windpipe |
| bronchi | the passages that direct air into the lungs |
| lung | an organ found in air-breathing vertebrates that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood. |
| alveoli | tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood |
| diaphragm | A large muscle located at the bottom of a mammal's rib cage that functions in breathing |
| larynx | the voice box |
| vocal chords | Folds of connective tissue that stretch across the opening of the larynx and produce a person's voice. |
| tar | DARK, STICKY SUBSTANCE THAT FORMS WHEN TOBACCO BURNS |
| carbon monoxide | A colorless, odorless gas produced when substances-including tobbaco-are burned. |
| nicotine | stimulant drug in tobacco that increases the activities of the nervous system, heart and other organs |
| addiction | a physical dependence on a substance |
| bronchitis | An irritation of the breathing passages in which the small passages become narrower than normal and may be clogged with mucus. |
| emphysema | A serious disease that destroys lung tissue and causes breathing difficulties. |
| excretion | the process by which wastes are removed from the body |
| urea | a chemical that comes from the breakdown of proteins |
| kidney | a major organ of the excretory system that eliminates urea, excess water, and other materials from the body. |
| urine | A watery fluid produced by the kidneys that contains urea and other wastes. |
| ureter | a narrow tube that carries urine from one of the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
| urinary bladder | a sacklike muscular organ that stores urine until it is eliminated from the body |
| urethra | a small tube through which urine flows from the body |
| nephron | Small filtering structure found in the kidneys that removes wastes from blood and produces urine |
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