castles and the feudal system
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Fief | A plot of land leased in exchange for military service |
| Vassal | A knight who leased some land from a noble (called a lord) |
| `Tenants in Chief | The highest level of the feudal system |
| Oath of fealty | an oath made by vassal, to be one of the lord's man on the battle field , whenever he is called upon a fight. |
| Feudalism | the relationship between lords and vassals |
| Manor | the estate of a lesser tenant |
| Serf | A peasant who belonged to the lord, and worked on land in exchange for protection |
| Three field system | A system that allowed farmers from the 13th century to produce more crops per season then ever before. |
| Feudalism was useful for three main reasons | 1. provided system of government 2. provided system of justice 3.and means of protection |
| Keep | the tower that kept the Kings and lords in times of war |
| Bailey | big area inside a castle that held the lords quarters and protected peasants in times of war. |
| Drawbridge | was a bridge which could be raised or lowered .usually located over a moat. |
| gatehouse | was the living quarters over the main gate of the castle. |
| guardrobe | clothes closet |
| Moat | A ditch , usually filled with water, surrounding a castle |
| Portcullis | A device for protecting the entrance to the castle.it is a gate made of heavy wood and iron crossbars. |
| siege tower | on wheels, with drawbridge , so troops could enter castle. |
| battering ram | a long beam with iron point for ramming at doors or walls |
| curtain | tall stone wall that surround a castle |
| motte | a mound of earth created to put castle at higher level |
| who had land | the king owned whole land, but he cannot care each part of it , so he had to give to nobleman called lords . in time of siege the lords had to have heavily armed man called knight to protect them , but in order to keep knights kind and loving lord had to give some land to knights , who becomes vassals . In each land vassals or lords would own peasants to work in the field in exchange for protection and small plots of land. |
| who provided services | Knights and peasants provided services.Knights |
| what were the services? | Knights owned lands and exchanged for military service and collected taxes . . |
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