MedSurg Final G
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14 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 patho | oral cavity most common 40%; larynx next at 20%; 90% squamous cell carcinoma |
| leukoplakia | white lesions called the smoker's patch |
| erythroplakia | bright red and velvety lesions associated with higher risk of cancer |
| risk factors | tobacco smoking or chew; alcohol; acid reflux or bulimia (chronic irritation); chemicals, wood dust and radiation in the environment; more common in males and over 50 |
| symptoms | painless ulceration/lesion; difficulty speaking/swallowing; swollen lymph nodes; blood tinged sputum; any oral lesion that does not heal in three to four weeks!!!! |
| diagnosis | physical exam of oral cavity and cervical nodes; exfoliateive cytology; lesion biopsy; CT and MRI to stage |
| radiation therapy | to shrink the tumor; can cause xerostomia, stomatitis (irritation), dysgeusia (Decreased taste); also surgery to rest and maintain airway |
| tongue tumors | ulcer or area of thickening with soreness/pain; increased salivation; slurred speech, dysphasia, toothache and earache (late!) |
| tongue tumor treatment | surgery (hemi or glossectomy) or radiation; has early mets; if inoperable, maintain airway with a trach, increase nutrition with enteral and parenteral feedings, control pain; they will die anyway so don't operate! |
| early detection | unexplained soreness in mouth; unusual bleeding from oral cavity; dysphagia; swelling of lump in neck; regular dental exams; sunscreen; stop smoking and tobacco |
| radical neck dissection | tissue removed from mandible to clavical, cervical nodes, sternocledomastoid muscle, internal jugular, cranial nerve IX (bearing down- constipation) |
| free flap vs. myocutaneous flap | cuts blood supply on four sides so revascularization often fails vs. very successful bc you maintain blood supply on one side |
| post radical neck nursing | airway, pain relief, wound care (JP); tube and supplement feedings; need to check color of grafts to see the color to make sure it has blood supply |
| radical neck complications | bleeding; chyle fistula (lymph drain into JP so it turns yellow and milky); nerve injury (voice, sometimes permanent change) |
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