Flashcards: American History Part Three
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Created by:
bposey on April 25, 2011
Groups:
Mullins MLK Social Studies, CLEP examination flashcards, Posey History
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.All 27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Industrial Revolution | the transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation |
| interchangeable parts | identical components that can be used in place of one another; replacement parts |
| cotton gin | a machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 |
| Missouri Compromise | Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory (1820) |
| Monroe Doctrine | President James Monroe's statement forbidding further colonization in the Americas and declaring that any attempt by a foreign country to colonize would be considered an act of hostility |
| Nationalism | a strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country |
| sectionalism | loyalty to one's own region of the country, rather than to the nation as a whole |
| Jacksonian Democracy | A policy of spreading more political power to more people. It was a "Common Man" theme. |
| Indian Removal Act | Law passed in 1830 that forced many Native American nations to move west of the Mississippi River- under Andrew Jackson |
| Trail of Tears | The tragic journey of the cherokee people from their home land to indian territory between 1838 and 1839, thousands of cherokees died. |
| Spoils System | practice of rewarding supporters with government jobs |
| Whig Party | An American political party formed in the 1830s to oppose President Andrew Jackson and the Democrats, stood for protective tariffs, national banking, and federal aid for internal improvements |
| Manifest Destiny | the belief that the U.S. should extend all the way to the pacific ocean |
| Mexican Cession | land that Mexico gave to the United States after the Mexican War through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; included in what is now California, Nevada, and Utah; most of Arizona and New Mexico and parts of Colorado, Texdas, and Wyoming |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | Treaty that ended the Mexican War, granting the U.S. control of Texas, New Mexico, and California in exchange for $15 million |
| forty-niner | a person who went to California in 1849 to find gold |
| California Gold Rush | Migration of thousands of people to California (in 1849) after gold was discovered there. |
| Gadsden Purchase | purchase of land from mexico in 1853 that established the present U.S.-mexico boundary |
| Civil Disobedience | a group's refusal to obey a law because they believe the law is immoral (as in protest against discrimination) |
| Second Great Awakening | A series of religious revivals starting in 1801, based on Methodism and Baptism. Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through good deeds and tolerance for all Protestant sects. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and Native Americans. |
| temperance movement | campaign to limit or ban the use of alcoholic beverages |
| abolition | Movement to end slavery |
| Underground Railroad | a system of secret routes used by escaping slaves to reach freedom in the North or in Canada |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| Compromise of 1850 | Includes California admitted as a free state, the Fugitive Slave Act, Made popular sovereignty in most other states from Mexican- American War |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1853 that highly influenced england's view on the American Deep South and slavery. a novel promoting abolition. intensified sectional conflict. |
| Dred Scot vs. Sandford | A landmark Supreme Court decision which confirmed that status of slaves as property rather than citizens. |
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