fsn 210
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Created by:
alphachiomega on April 26, 2011
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86 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What are the 6 classes of nutrients | 1.carbs 2. fats 3.protein 4.minerals 5.vitamins 6. water |
| How are vitamins categorized? | water soluble, fat soluble |
| vitamins | organic, essentail nutrients required in small amounts |
| what element do proteins also contain | nitrogen |
| What are the main types of carbs? | simple. complex |
| kcal/g protien | 4 |
| carbs kcal/g | 4 |
| lipids kcal/g | 9 |
| alcohol kcal/g | 7 |
| phytochemicals | plant components |
| zoo chemicals | component in animals |
| what two groups are minerals divided in | major and trace |
| inorganic substances | minerals |
| example of trace minerals | iron, zinc, copper, selenium |
| example of major minerals | sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus |
| macro nutrients | nutrient need in large amounts: carbs, protein, lipids, water |
| micro nutrients | needed in mg: vitamins, minerals |
| What 3 functional groups can nutrients be assigned to | 1. provide energy 2.promote growth and development 3. regulate body processes |
| nutrition | ... |
| nutrients | ... |
| on avg American consume % of protein | 16% |
| food are selected based mainly on | appetite |
| kilo calorie | amount of heat energy is takes to raise the temp of 1000g of water 1 C |
| A | anthropometric |
| B | biochemical |
| c | clinical |
| d | dietary |
| e | environmental assessments |
| north Americans consume % of carbs | 50% |
| Americans consume 33% of | fats |
| DRI | Dietary Reference Intakes |
| EARs | Estimated Average Requirements |
| RDAs | Recommended Dietary Allowances |
| AI | adequate intake |
| EARS | nutrient intake amounts estimated to meet the needs f 50% of the individuals in a specific life stage |
| DRIs include | EARs RDAs AIs ULs EERs |
| RDA | nutrient intake amount sufficient to meet the need of 97-98% of the individuals in a specific life stage |
| AI | nutrient intake set for any nutrient for which insufficient research to available to establish an RDA. |
| Foods that contain a "good source" of a nutrient must contain at least ___ Daily Value of that nutrient? | 10% |
| Which is the umbrella term that encompasses all 5 sets of nutrient standards? | DRI |
| which dietary standard is set when EAR cannot be set | AI |
| which dietary standard is based on EAR | RDA |
| rich source | 20% of more of daily value |
| good source | 10-19% of daily value |
| nutrient content claim | low in fat, rich in vitamin a, zero calories |
| health claim | relationship between a disease and a nutrient |
| preliminary health claims | incomplete scientific evidence as long |
| structure/functional claims | how a nutrient affects human body structure or function |
| calcium | osteoporosis |
| chewing sugarless | reduces tooth decay |
| factors that affect nutrient composition | farming conditions. maturity and ripeness of plants food processing shipping conditions storage time cooking processes |
| energy density | caloric content/weight of food |
| high energy density food | potato chips, peanuts, bacon |
| low energy density food | lettuce, strawberries, carrots |
| No health claims can be made if the product contains which of the following? | contain more than 13g fat, 4 g sat fat, 60 mg cholesterol, 480 mg sodium |
| What are the 9 Dietary guidelines | 1. Adequate nutrients with energy needs 2. weight management 3. food groups to encourage 4. physical activity 5. sodium and potassium 6. alcoholic beverages 7.fats 8. food safety 9.carbs |
| Daily Reference Values have been established for which nutrient? | fiber |
| What are discretionary Calories? | left after meeting nutrient needs with nutrient-dense foods |
| 1 in __ are food insecure | 8 |
| subsitence farmers | those who grow food only for heir families, with not enough extra to sell for an income |
| __% of households are food insecure | 11% |
| food stamp program | ... |
| national school lunch program | ... |
| school breakfast program | ... |
| child and adult care food program | ... |
| programs for seniors | ... |
| food distribution programs | ... |
| special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, children | ... |
| biological pest management | control of agricultural pests by using natural predators, parasites, or pathogens |
| what is not allowed in organic food | Synthetic fertilizers, pesticide, hormones and sewage sludge |
| Aflatoxin is produced by a mold that grows most often on | peanuts and corn |
| What do the letters G.R.A.S. stand for in the GRAS list? | Generally Recognized as Safe |
| What agencies are responsible for regulating pesticides? | FDA EPA USDA |
| The current temperature range for the danger zone is | 41 degrees F to 135 degrees F |
| Sickness that is caused by ingestion of food containing pathogenic microorganism or toxins made by them is | foodborne illness |
| safety concerns of GM foods | allergens unintended gene flow loss of genetic diversity |
| vitamin a def | blindness |
| main GM crops | soybeans, corn, cotton |
| What is a nutritional factor that can increase the risk of gallstones? | low fiber |
| Most digestive enzymes are produced in the | Small intestine and pancreas |
| GRAS | ... |
| Which of the following is a major hormone of the GI tract that triggers the stomach to release HCL? | gastrin |
| The chemical name for table sugar is | sucrose |
| An example of a simple refined carbohydrate is | gatorade |
| Amylopectin is which of the following? | ... |
| Which of the following hormones regulates blood sugar by signaling it to leave the blood and enter the cells? | insulin |
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