Mercy B Global Studies India Review
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Created by:
kathymountain on April 26, 2011
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 brahman | a member of the highest of the four Hindu varnas |
| atman | The individual soul or essence. |
| reincarnation | in Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding |
| moksha | In Hindu belief, the ultimate goal of existence, which is to achieve union with brahman |
| caste | social group that a person is born into and cannot change |
| karma | In Hindu belief, all the actions that affect a person's fate in the next life |
| dharma | in Hinduism, the duties and obligations of each caste |
| mercantilism | an economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought |
| sati | Hindu custom that called for a wife to join her husband in death by throwing herself on his funeral pyre |
| the "Raj" | the British rule of India |
| boycott | Refusal to buy or sell certain products or services |
| civil disobedience | a group's refusal to obey a law because they believe the law is immoral (as in protest against discrimination) |
| Sepoy | An Indian soldier serving under British command. |
| ahimsa | non-violence |
| Amritsar Massacre | To protest acts by the British, Indians gathered in Amritsar, where British troops fired on the crowd killing several hundred. This sparked further protests for independence. |
| non-alignment policy | Policy of not supporting either side in a conflict - such as India during the Cold War |
| Muslim League | an organization formed in 1906 to protect the interests of India's Muslims, which later proposed that India be divided into separate Muslim and Hindu nations |
| dalits | the "oppressed"; in India, people assigned to the lowest social class |
| Mohandas Gandhi | This was a leader of the Indian independence movement in mid-20th century known for his nonviolent protests. |
| Jinnah | an Indian Muslim politician and leader of the all India Muslim League who founded Pakistan and served as its first Governor-General |
| Nehru | first prime minister of India |
| Indira Gandhi | Nehru's daughter and Prime Minister of India, she was assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards |
| nirvana | the lasting peace that Buddhists seek by giving up selfish desires |
| partition | divide into parts, pieces, or sections |
| Rajiv Gandhi | son of Indira, Prime Minister of India, assassinated |
| Kashmir | A region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent; India and Pakistan dispute control of it. |
| Congress Party | A major national political party in India - also known as the Indian National Congress which led the movement toward independence from Britain |
| vedas | Ancient Sanskrit writings that are the earliest sacred texts of Hinduism. |
| Bangladesh | Formerly known as East Pakistan |
| monsoon | rainy season in southern Asia when the southwestern monsoon blows, bringing heavy rains |
| "Jewel in the Crown" | British colony of India - so called because of its importance in the British Empire, both as supplier of raw materials and as a market for British trade goods - most valuable of all of Britain's colonies |
| East India Company | An English company formed in 1600 to develop trade with the new British colonies in India and southeastern Asia. |
| Zardari | He was Bhutto's husband and is now current president of Pakistan |
| sikhs | Members of a Hindu religious sect. founded in northern India around 1500. They believe in one god and reject the caste system. |
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