Chapter 16
Order by
53 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 adrenal cortex | tissue that secretes cortisol and aldosterone |
| adrenal glands | located above each kidney |
| adrenaline | another name for epinephrine |
| adrenal medulla | secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone | hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex, ACTH |
| adenohypophysis | anterior lobe of pituitary that secretes growth hormone and thyroid-stinulating hormone |
| aldosterone | assists in regulating body electrolytes |
| antidiuretic hormone | hormone secreted by posterior lobe of the pituitary, ADH, stimulates the kidney to reabsorb water |
| islets of Langerhans | portions of the pancreas that secrete insulin |
| neurohypophysis | gland that stores and releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin. |
| parathyroid glands | glands that maintain the blood calcium level |
| pituitary gland | gland located at the base of the brain |
| thyroid gland | gland locate din the neck that secretes thyroxine |
| epinephrin and norepinephrine | help the body to deal with stress by increasing the blood pressure, hearbeat, and respirations |
| cortisol | secreted by the adrenal cortex (aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels to provide energy) also called hydrocortisone |
| hypothalmus | located neart the pituitary gland in the brain. Secretes "releasing" hormone that function to stimulate or inhibit the release of pituitary gland hormones. |
| oxytocin | stimulates uterine contractions during labor and postpartum. |
| posterior lobe | stores and releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin |
| adenohypophysis or anterior lobe | produces and secretes hormones |
| growth hormone (GH) | regulates the growth of the body |
| gonadotropic hormones | affect the male and female reproductive systems |
| follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) | regulate developement, growth, and fuction of the ovaries and testes |
| prolactine or lactogenic hormone (PRL) | promotes development of glandular tissue during pregnancy and produces milk after birth of an infant |
| acidosis | abnormal accumulation of acid products of metabolism |
| Addison disease | results from a deficiency in the hormonal secretion of the adrenal cortex |
| cretinism | caused by a wasting away of the thyroid gland |
| Cushing syndrome | attributed to the excessive production of cortisol |
| diabetes insipidus | result of a decreased amount of antidiuretic hormone |
| diabetes mellitus | chronic disease involving a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism |
| gigantism | caused by overproduction of the pituitary growth hormone |
| goiter | enlargement of the thyroid gland |
| ketosis | abnormal concentration of compunds resulting from excessive fat metabolism |
| myxedema | caused by deficiency of the thyroid hormone thyroxine |
| tetany | results from low blood calcium |
| thyrotoxicosis | caused by excessive thyroid hormones |
| Graves disease | characterized by hyperthyroidism, goiter and exophthalmos |
| pheochromocytoma | tumor of the adrenal medulla |
| fasting blood sugar | determines the amount of glucose in the blood at the time of the tests |
| thyroid scan | a nuclear medicine test used to determine the size, shape, and function of the thyroid gland |
| thyroxine level | measures the amount of thyroxine in the blood |
| radioactive iodine uptake | uses radioactive iodine to measure thyroid function |
| thyroid-stimulating hormone level | used to diagnose hyperthyroidism and to monitor thyroid replacement therapy, TSH, stimulates the thyroid gland |
| glycosylated hemoglobin | measures the average blood sugar concentration over a period of time |
| metabolism | total of all the chemical processes that take place in a living organism |
| hormone | a chemical substance secreted by an endocrine gland |
| isthmus | a narrow strip of tissue connecting larger parts in the body |
| exophthalmos | abnormal protrusion of the eyeball |
| DI | diabetes insipidus |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| HbA1C | glycosylated hemoglobin |
| RAIU | radioactive iodine uptake |
| T4 | thyroxine level |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.