Nutrition Final 1
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Created by:
alishapeal on April 27, 2011
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106 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 • Increases disease risk | central obesity |
| • With weight loss fat cells | decrease in size only |
| • Obesity is caused by | multiple factors |
| • Physical activity does not | help you lose fat in trouble spots |
| • Chemical composition of fat | fatty acids and glycerol |
| • Cheapest form of fat in the diet | triglycerides |
| • Fatty acids that are fully loaded with hydrogens | saturated fat |
| • Most saturated food | coconut oil |
| • Simple definition of essential nutrient | cannot be made in the body/ must be consumed |
| • Some fats are necessary to life because | they provide energy and carry fat soluble vitamins |
| • Largest health concern in if taken in large quantities | supplements |
| • Vit A supplements treat | night blindness |
| • Induces vit A toxicity | taking high doses of vit A supplements |
| • Vit A deficiency in adults | osteomalacia |
| • Risk factors | what are they (smoking, drinking,) |
| • Foundation for a healthy diet | vegetables or grains |
| • Enriched products are | fortified with iron, riboflavin, thiamin, and niacin |
| • Nutrients that leave by way of lymphatic system | fats and fat soluble vitamins |
| • RDA for Iron for females 11-50 | 15 mg/day |
| • Vit A deficiency | night blindness |
| • Significant amount of vit K comes from | bacterial synthesis |
| • Without vit K | blood fails to clot |
| • Body generates water during | breakdown of energy nutrients |
| • Precursor to vit A | beta carotene |
| • Synthesized to produce vit D | exposure to sun light |
| • Good source of vit A | sweet potatoes |
| • Main function of vit E in body | act as an antioxidant |
| • Vit A and vit E | both are antioxidants |
| • Major cause of iron deficiency | poor nutrition |
| • In US iron is added to | bread and cereals |
| • Not associated with a regular fitness | increased bone density |
| • Increased flexibility does not come from | cardio exercise |
| • Infants | rice should be first introduced |
| • Mineral critical to the synthesis of thyroxin | iodine |
| • Protein needs of athletes vs non athletes | athletes slightly higher |
| • Inorganic | iron (not carb, proteins, and fat) |
| • Proteins | made up of amino acids |
| • Not a source of water in body | vitamins |
| • Known as blood sugar | glucose |
| • Function of mucosal lining of stomach | protects stomach cells from gastric juices |
| • Total fat intake | 30% |
| • Cause of obesity | physical inactivity |
| • A precursor is | substance used to make another substance |
| • Highest in folate | green leafy veggies |
| • High carb diet for | endurance athletes |
| • Pregnant women | should not take vit A supplements |
| • Assists in lactation | adequate nutrition and rest |
| • Energy need during pregnancy | increases by 300 cal./day |
| • Nutrient most likely to fall short in adolescence diet | iron and calcium |
| • Period of pregnancy most dangerous to drink alcohol | first trimester |
| • Which describes a fatty acid with one double bond | monounsaturated |
| • Protein utilization determined by | nitrogen balance |
| • Reactions in which simple compound are combined to make more complex ones | anabolic |
| • Range of body fat content for women of normal weight | 18 to 32% |
| • To gain weight fast | high amounts of fat |
| • Iron containing compound that carries iron on blood stream | hemoglobin |
| • Least likely to develop iron deficiency | 52 year old man |
| • Impairs iron absorption | fitates |
| • Enhances iron absorption | eating meat |
| • In US iron is added | bread and cereals |
| • RDA for nutrients | are adequate for most all healthy people |
| • Circulatory system that carries fat-soluble vitamins and fats | lymphatic |
| • Athletes can put on more muscle by | putting more demand on muscles |
| • Good age to introduce solid foods | 4-6 months |
| • Leading cause of death in US | heart disease |
| • Aerobics require | oxygen |
| • Major factor that determines metabolic rate | lean body mass |
| • BMI | body mass index |
| • CVA | cardio vascular attack (associated with apple shape) |
| • Sweetest tasting monosaccharide in diet | fructose |
| • Not a good remedy for US nutrition problem | taking mega does of vitamins |
| • Not released directly into bloodstream | fats |
| • Not digested | fiber |
| • Function of pyloric sphincter | prevents backup into stomach |
| • Energy measured in | kcal |
| • Yields more than 4 cal per gram | fat |
| • Carbs always found in | plant foods |
| • RDA intake of fiber | 30-35 g/ day |
| • Not one of the six classes of nutrient | fiber |
| • Cannot be fattening to the body | inorganic nutrients |
| • US children most common deficiency | iron |
| • Low fat milk | not before age 2 |
| • Best advice for someone with osteoarthritis | lose weight |
| • Rats live longer | when their energy intake is restricted |
| • Adults energy needs | decline 5% per decade |
| • During pregnancy | calcium and iron are absorbed more |
| • High blood pressure | preeclampsia |
| • Does not work on simple sugars | amylase |
| • Feature of essential amino acid | cannot be made by the body |
| • Proteins that deactivate foreign bacteria | antibodies |
| • Major extracellular cat ion | sodium (intracellular: potassium) |
| • Minerals lost most when sweating | sodium and chloride |
| • Processed food | greatest source of sodium |
| • Fats don't | supply glucose |
| • Triglyceride | is 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol |
| • Cholesterol intake should be | 300 mg a day |
| • Sat. fat is always | fully loaded with hydrogens |
| • Polyunsaturated is always | more than one double bond |
| • Structure of enzyme | protein |
| • Chief determining factor of protein quality | essential amino acids |
| • CNS in brain | depends on glucose |
| • Fiber not found in | meats |
| • Proteins that facilitate chemical reactions | enzymes |
| • Contains the least protein | orange juice |
| • Hydrolysis example of | catabolic reaction |
| • Leading cause of death that does not bear a relationship to diet | pneumonia |
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