Ch. 21 Sections 1,2
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Biomes | Very large climatic regions that contain a number of smaller but related ecosystems within them. |
| Tundra | A cold and largely treeless biome that forms a continuous belt across northern North America, Europe, and Asia. |
| Permafrost | A permanently frozen layer of soil under the surface, characterizes the tundra. |
| Tropical Forests | Occur near the equator, in the region between 23.5 N and 23.5 S, known as the tropics. |
| Canopy | The treetops form a continuous layer, which shades the forest floor. |
| Epiphyte | A plant that uses another plant for support, but not for nourishment. |
| Coniferous Trees | Temperate forests can be characterized by the type of tree that is most common. These trees bear seeds in cones and tend to be evergreen. |
| Deciduous Trees | Trees that shed their leaves each year. |
| Temperate Decidous Forests | Trees that lose all of their leaves in the fall and regrow them each spring. |
| Taiga | South of the tundra and north of the temperate regions, a forested biome dominated by coniferous trees suchas pines, firs, and spruces. |
| Temperate Grasslands | Ussually form in the interior of continents, at about the same latitude as temperate decidous forests. |
| Savanna | Tropical or temperate grasslands that have scattered deciduous trees and shrubs. |
| Chaparral | A biome that is dominated by dense, spiney shrubs and has scattered clumps of coniferous trees. |
| Deserts | Areas that receive an average of less than 25 cm of rain fall per year. |
| Aphotic Zone | Most of the ocean is cold and dark. This zone is where sunlight can't penetrate it. |
| Photic Zone | The part of the ocean that receives sunlight. |
| Intertidal Zone | The area of shoreline that is twice daily covered by water during high tide and exposed to air during low tide. |
| Neritic Zone | Zone that extends from the intertidal zone over the continental shelf and to relateively shallow water depths of about 180 m. |
| Oceanic Zone | The deep water of the open sea. |
| Pelagic Zone | The open ocean. |
| Benthic Zone | The ocean bottom. |
| Plankton | Communities of small organisms that drift with the ocean currents. |
| Estuary | Occurs where freshwater rivers and streams flow into the sea. |
| Eutrophic Lakes | Lakes that are rich in organic matter and vegetation, so the waters are relatively murky. |
| Oligotrophic Lakes | Lakes that contain little organic matter. |
| Freshwater Wetlands | Areas of land that are covered with fresh water for at least part of each year. |
| 2.3 Miles | What is the average depth of the ocean? |
| 8.6 Miles | How deep is the deepest part of the ocean? |
| Upwellings | Strong currents that carry nutrients from the ocean bottom. |
| Coral Reefs | What part of the ocean is productive and rich in species? |
| Mutualistic | Most speceis in the reefs have what kind of relationship. |
| Bays and Mudflats | Examples of Esturary. |
| Ground Water | Eutrophication will never occure in any bodies of water conected to what? |
| Marshes and Swamps | Examples of water wetlands. |
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