| Term | Definition |
|---|
| sediment | formed when wind, water, sunlight, and gravity cause rock to physically weather into fragments |
| How is sedimentary rock formed? | when the forces of erosion move the sediment to another location where it is eventually deposited in layers |
| sedimentary rock: layers | new layers of sediment cover old layers of sediment, older layers are compacted |
| What holds the sediment together? | dissolved minerals separate from water that passes through the rocks and acts as cement to bind the sediment together |
| where does sedimentary rock form? | at or near the Earth's surface |
| strata | layers of rock visible in sedimentary rock, differ in kind, size, and color of sediment |
| stratification | the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers |
| ripple marks | the recorded motion of wind or water in sedimentary rock |
| mud cracks | formed when fine grained sediment at the bottom of a shallow body of water are exposed to air and dry out |
| How is sedimentary rock classified? | the way it forms (composition) |
| clastic sedimentary rock | forms when rock or mineral fragments are cemented together by a mineral, can be coarse-,medium-, or fine-grained |
| clasts | mineral fragments |
| chemical sedimentary rock | forms when minerals crystallize out of solution (meaning that minerals dissolved in a liquid are left behind when the liquid evaporates) |
| organic sedimentary rock | forms from the fossils (remains) of living things (plants and animals) |
| fossiliferous sedimentary rock | remains of animals (bones or shells) |
| coal | remains of plant material |
Combine with other sets
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