English 102 final
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114 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 verse | refers to any single line of poerty |
| paraphase | the restatement in ones own words of what one understands a poem to say or suggest |
| Summary | a brief condensation of the main idea or plot of a work |
| subject | the main topic of a work, whatever the work is "about" |
| Theme | a generally recurring subject or idea noticeably evident in a literary work |
| lyric poem | a short poem expressing the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker |
| narrative poem | a poem that tells a story |
| dramatic monologue | a poem written as a speech made by a character at some decisive moment |
| didactic poem | a poem intended to teach a moral lesson or impart a body of knowledge |
| Tone | the mood or manner of expression in a literary work |
| satiric poetry | poetry that blends criticism with humor to convey a message, usually through the use of irony |
| persona | Latin for "mask". a fictitious character created by an author to be the speaker of a literary work |
| irony | IN language, a discrepancy between what is said and what is meant. |
| verbal irony | a mode of expression in which the speaker or writer says the opposite of what is really meant. |
| sarcasm | a style of bitter irony intended to hurt or mock its target |
| dramatic irony | a situation in which the larger implications of a characters words, action, or situation are unrealized by that character but seen by the author and the reader or audience |
| cosmic irony | the contrast between a character's position or aspiration and the treatment he or she receives at the hands of a seemingly hostile fate. "irony of fate" |
| Diction | word choice or vocabulary |
| concrete diction | words that specifically name or describe things or persons |
| abstract diction | words that express general ideas or concepts |
| poetic diction | strictly speaking,any language deemed suitable for verse |
| allusion | a brief, sometimes indirect, reference in a text to a person. place, or thing |
| Vulgate | the lowest level of diction contains foul or inappropriate language. |
| colloquial English | The casual or informal but correct language of ordinary native speakers. contains slang |
| general english | the ordinary speech of educated native speakers. common writing. more educated than colloquial english |
| formal english | the heightene, impersonal language of educated persons, usually only written |
| dialect | a particular variety of language spoken by an identifiable |
| denotation | the literal, dictionary meaning of a word |
| connotation | an association or additional meaning that a word, image, or phase may carry, apart from its literal denotation or dictionary definition. |
| image | a word or series of word that refers to any sensory experience |
| imagery | the collective set of images in a poem or other literary work |
| Haiku | a Japanese verse form that has three unrhymed line of five, seven, and five syllables |
| simile | a comparison of two things, indicated by some connective , usually like, as, or than. comparison of two things |
| metaphor | a statement that one thing is something else, which, in a literal sense, it is not |
| implied metaphor | a metaphor that uses neither connectives nor the verb to be |
| mixed metaphor | the combining of two more incompatible metaphors, resulting in nonsense |
| personification | the endowing of a thin, an animal, or an abstract term with human characteristics. |
| apostrophe | a direct address to someone or something |
| overstatement | also called hyoerbole. exaggeration used to emphasize a point |
| Understatement | an ironic figure of speech that deliberately describes something in a way that is less than the case |
| alliteration | The repetition of a consonant sound in a line of verse or prose. |
| assonance | The repetition of two or more vowel sounds in successive words |
| cacophony | a harsh, discordant sound often mirroring the meaning of the context in which it is used. |
| euphony | the harmonious effect when the sound of the words connect with the meaning in a way pleasing to the ear and mind |
| onomatopoeia | an attempt to represent a thing or action by a word that imitates the sound associated with it |
| rime | two or more words that contain an identical or similar vowel, usually accented |
| exact rime | full rime in which the sounds following the inital letters |
| consonance | also called slant rime.linked words share similar consonant sounds |
| internal rime | Rime that occurs within a line of poetry as opposed to end rime |
| masculine rime | either a rime of one-syllable words or final syllables |
| feminine rime | a rime of two or more syllables with stress on a syllable other than the last |
| stress | an emphasis, or accent placed on a syllable speech |
| slack syllable | unstressed syllable in a verse |
| rhythm | the recurring patter of stresses and pauses in a poem. |
| Meter | a fixed rhythm in a poem |
| prosody | they study of metrical structures in poetry |
| scansion | a practice used to describe rythmic pattern in a poem by separating |
| cesura or caesura | a light but definite pause within a line of verse. often appears in the middle of a line |
| run on line | a line of verse that does not end in punctuation, but carries on grammatically to the next line. |
| end stopped line | a line of verse that ends in a full pause, often indicated by a mark of punctuation. |
| foot | the basic unit of measurement in metrical poetry |
| iamb | a metrical foot in verse in which an unaccented syllable if followed by an accented one |
| iambic pentameter | the most common meter in English verse, five iambic feet per line. |
| anapest | two unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed syllable |
| trochee | one stressed syllable followed by one unstressed. |
| Dactyl | one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed ones |
| spondee | verse consisting of two stressed syllable |
| accentual meter | verse meter based on the number of stress per line nott the number of syllables |
| form | literary work expresses its content. poetry, form usually used to describe the design of a poem |
| fixed form | a traditional verse form requiring certain predetermine elements of structure. |
| closed form | a generic term that describe poetry written in a pattern or meter |
| open form | verse that has no set scheme . also called free verse |
| blank verse | contains five iambic feet per line and is not rimed |
| couplet | a two line stanza in poetry, usually rimed and with lines of equal length |
| closed couplet | two rimed lines of imabic pentameter that usaully contain an independent and complete though or statement. also called heroic couplet. |
| quatrain | a stanza consisting of four lines. it is the most common stanza |
| epic | a long narrative poem tracing the adventures of a popular her |
| epigram | a very short , comic poem, often turing at the end with some sharp with unexpected stinger. |
| ballad | a song that tells a story |
| folk ballads | anonymous narrative songs, usually in a ballad meter |
| ballad stanza | the most common pattern for a ballad, consisting of four lines rimed. |
| literary ballad | a ballad not meant for singing, written by sophisticated poets |
| sonnet | a fixed form of fourteen lines |
| Italian sonnet | also called petrarchan sonnet, it rimes the octave |
| english sonnet | also called Shakespearean sonnet organized into three quatrains |
| open form | poems that have neither a rime scheme nor a basic meter |
| free verse | french"vers libre". lines in poetry wit no consistent meter |
| prose poetry | poetic language printed in prose paragraphs, though with careful attention sound and imagery |
| symbol | A person, place, or thing in a narratice that suggest meaning beyond its literal sense |
| allegory | a description-often narrative- in which the literal events consistently point to a parallel sequence of ideas |
| symbolic act | an action whose significance goes beyond its literal meaning. |
| conventional symbol | symbols that because of their frequent use have acquired a standard significance |
| myth | a traditional narrative of anonymous authorship that arises out of a cultures oral tradition |
| archetype | a recurring symbol, character, landscape, or event found in myth and literature across different cultures and eras |
| exposition | The opening portion of a narrative or drama |
| foreshadowing | the technique of arranging event and information in such a way that later events are prepared for beforehand |
| double plot | also called subplot. a second story or plotline that is complete. inverting the main plot |
| conflict | the central struggle between two or more forces |
| crisis | a point when a crucial action, decision, or realization must be made |
| climax | the moment of greatest intensity |
| resolution | the final part of a narrative, concluding action |
| unites | unity of time, place or action the three formal qualities |
| soliloquy | in dram, a speech by a character alone onstage in which he or she utter there thought aloud |
| aside | a speech that a character addresses directly to the audience |
| stage business | nonverbal action that engages the attention of an audience |
| tragedy | a play that portrays a serious conflict between human beings and some superior, overwhelming force |
| comedy | a literar work aimed at amusing and audience |
| high comedy | a comic genre evoking thoughtful laughter in response to the play depiction of the folly, pretense, and hypocrisy of human behavior |
| satiric comedy | a genre using derisive humor to ridicule human weakness and folly or attack political injustices and incompetence. |
| romantic comedy | a form of comic drama in which the plot focuses on one or pairs of young lovers who overcome difficulties to achieve a happy ending |
| low comedy | a comic style arousing laughter through jokes, slapstick antics, sight gags, boisterous clowning, vulgar humor |
| burlesque | a broadly humorous parody of travesty of another play |
| farce | A broadly humorous play whose action is usually fast moving and improbable |
| slapstick comedy | a kind of farce |
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