Mcauley World History Sem. 2 Exam
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Created by:
taylor4596 on May 4, 2011
Subjects:
mcauley world history, mcauley, history, world history, semester 2, exam
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Semester 2 World History Exam Review!
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172 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 David Lloyd George | prime minister of Great Britain, who wanted to make the Germans pay for the war |
| conscription | a military draft |
| Lawrence of Arabia | urged princes in the Middle East to revolt against thier Ottoman overlords |
| mandate | a nation officially governed by another nation on behalf of the League of Nations |
| propaganda | the spread of ideas to influence public opinion for or against a cause |
| self determination | the right pf each people to have their own nation |
| Leon Trotsky | head of the Petrograd soviet and later, commissioner of war |
| War Guilt Clause | declared Austria and Germany were responsible for starting the war |
| War of Attrition | wearing the other side down with constant attacks |
| League of Nations | world organization created at the Paris Peace Conference |
| communists | new name for the Bolsheviks after they seized power |
| Gavrilo Princep | assassinated Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife, Sophia |
| Erich von Ludendorrf | general who guided German military operations |
| Archducke Francis Ferdinand | his assassination started World War I |
| mobilization | assembling troops and supplies for war |
| Central Powers | Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, and the Ottoman-Empire |
| trench warfare | kept the western front from moving very much |
| Allied Powers | Great Britain, France, Italy, Russia |
| planned economics | systems directed by government agencies in order to mobilize resources for the war effort |
| Grigori Rasputin | Siberian peasant who influenced Alexandra |
| Dawes Plan | reduced German reparations |
| Aryan | term misused by the Nazis to identify their "master race" |
| New Deal | policy of government intervention in the U.S. economy |
| Joseph Goebbels | propaganda minister of Nazi Germany |
| totalitarian | government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens |
| Herman Hesse | author of Siddhartha and Steppenwolf |
| lebensraum | living space |
| Kraft Durchfreud | program that offered leisure time activities to fill the free time of the working class |
| Ulysses | James Joyce's famous novel |
| Joseph Stalin | used his post to gain control of the communist party |
| Treaty of Locarno | guaranteed Germany's borders with France and Belgium |
| economic depression | a period of low economic activity and rising unemployment |
| collectivization | system in which private farms were eliminated and the government owned the land |
| Kristallnacht | "night of shattered glass" |
| The Triumph of the Will | documentary film of the 1934 Nuremberg Nazi party rally |
| New Economic Policy | modified capitalist system Lenin used to avoid economic disaster |
| fascism | political philosophy that emphasizes the need for a strong central government led y a dictatorial ruler |
| Nuremberg Laws | excluded Jews from German citizenship |
| Salvador Dali | painted a world in which the irrational became visible |
| New Life Movement | promoted traditional Confucian values while rejecting excessive individualism of Western capitalism |
| Getulio Vargas | ruler of Brazil from 1930-1945 |
| W.E.B. Du Bois | leader of a movement that tried to make all Africans aware of their own cultural heritage |
| genocide | the deliberate mass murder of a particular racial, political, or cultural group |
| Pemex | national oil company set up to run the oil industry in Mexico |
| Mahatma | "Great Soul" |
| Good neighbor policy | rejected the use of U.S. military force in Latin America |
| Guerilla tactics | using unexpected maneuvers such as sabotage and deception to fight the enemy |
| Chiang Kai-Shek | leader of the Chinese Nationalist Party after Sun Yat-sen |
| Reza Shah Pahlavi | established the modern state of Iran in 1935 |
| Marcus Garvey | stressed the need for the unity of all Africans, a movement known as Pan-africanism |
| Black Dragon Society | Japanese extremist patriotic organization |
| redistribution of wealth | the shifting of assets from a rich minority to a poor majority |
| Mao Zedong | led the Communist People's Liberation Army |
| Armenians | victims for genocide at the hands of the Ottoman government |
| Lazaro Cardenas | cheered by Mexicans as president who had stood up to the U.S. |
| oligarchy | government where a select group of people exercises control |
| Yalta Conference | meeting at which the Allies agreed to form a United Nations organization |
| isolationism | policy that initially kept the U.S. from becoming involved in the war against Germany |
| Axis Powers | Germany, Italy, and Japan |
| Mukden Incident | used as an excuse for Japanese seizure of Manchuria |
| Tehran conference | Neville Chamberlain thought the agreement reached there meant "peace for our time" |
| kamikaze | Japanese pilots who flew suicide missions against U.S. warships |
| Munich Conference | meeting of the Big Three to discuss the final attack on Germany |
| Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact | gave Hitler the freedom to attack Poland |
| Einsatzgruppen | special strike forces for carrying out Nazi Final Solution |
| Vichy France | unoccupied France, governed by authoritarian regime under German control |
| blitzkrieg | "lightning war"; that utilized tanks supported by airplanes |
| Potsdam Conference | meeting at which Truman demanded free elections throughout Eastern Europe |
| appeasement | policy that sought peace and stability by satisfying the the reasonable demands of dissatisfied powers |
| blitz | British term for the German air raids |
| Luftwaffe | German air force |
| Holocaust | the slaughter of European Jews by the Nazis |
| final solution | Nazi plan for the extermination of the Jews |
| Allied Powers | Great Britain, Soviet Union, and the United States |
| Fidel Castro | communist leader of Cuba during the Cuban missile crisis |
| George Kennan | U.S. diplomat who argued for a policy of containment in response to Communist expansion |
| Richard Nixon | U.S. president who resumed relations with China after the Vietnam War |
| Wladyslaw Gomulka | Communist leader who attempted to make Poland less dependent on the Soviet Union |
| CENTO | Alliance designed to prevent Soviet expansion to the south |
| Bonn | Capitol of the Federal Republic of Germany |
| Charles de Gaulle | first president of France's Fifth Republic |
| Lyndon Johnson | U.s. president who, beginning in 1964, increased the number of U.S. troops in Vietnam |
| SEATO | alliance designed to prevent soviet expansion to Southeast Asia |
| Konrad Adenauer | West German leader responsible for the 'economic miracle' |
| Imre Nagy | Communist leader who declared Hungary a free nation |
| Clement Attlee | leader who set out to create modern British welfare states |
| Joseph Stalin | Soviet leader who promoted the growth of heavy industry over consumer goods after WWII |
| Dean Archson | U.S. undersecretary of state who compared Communist expansion to the spread of an infection |
| Simone de Beauvoir | author of "The Second Sex" |
| Alexander Solzhenitsyn | author of One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich |
| John F. Kennedy | U.S. president involved in the Cuban Missil Crisis |
| Tito | Communist leader of Yugoslavia after WWII |
| Nikita Khrushechev | Soviet leader who built the Berlin Wall |
| Joseph McCarthy | U.S. senator responsible for the Red Scare |
| Ronald Reagan | president who called the Soviet Union an "evil empire" |
| Ayatollah Khomeini | leader of Iran when 52 Americans were held hostage there |
| Jimmy Carter | cancelled the U.S. participation in the 1980 summer Olympic games |
| Willy Brandt | West German chancellor who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1971 |
| Helmut Kohl | chancellor of West Germany during the reunification of East and West Germany |
| Erich Honecker | East German leader against whose regime began demonstrations that ended in the fall of the Berlin wall |
| Leonid Brezchnev | Soviet leader who supported intervention if communism was threatened |
| Nicholae Cresuae | oppressive Communist leader of Romania who was deposed in 1989 |
| Slobodan Milosevic | Serbian leader who initiated a policy of ethnic cleansing against Bosnian Muslims |
| Boris Yeltsin | president of the Russian Republic at the time of the disintegration of the Soviet Union |
| Mikhail Gorbachev | Soviet Leader who established the Congress of People's Deputies |
| Gerald Ford | U.S. president after Nixon resigned |
| Vlac Havel | writer who helped bring down the Czech Communist government |
| Francois Mitterand | nationalized major French banks and industries |
| Pierre Tudeau | Canadian prime minister who passed the Official Languages Act |
| Lech Walesa | founder of the Polish national trade union; solidarity |
| Mikhail Gorbachev | Soviet Leader who initiated perestroika |
| Oscar Niemeyer | architect who designed major buildings in Brasilia |
| Brazil | nation that suffered years of severe inflation after "an economic miracle" |
| El Salvador | country rocked by civil war in the late 1970's |
| Juan Peron | oppressive military dictator supported by the working class of Argentina |
| Colombia | nation known for its cocaine production and drug cartels |
| Cuba | nation placed under a U.S. trade embargo in 1960 |
| Peru | nation whose landed estates were turned into peasant cooperatives by Juan Velasco Alvarado |
| Jose Duarte | elected president of El Salvador in 1984 |
| Fidel Castro | Latin American leader who declared himself a Marxist in December 1961 |
| Fulgencio Batista | Cuban dictator overthrown by Fidel Castro |
| Nicaragua | nation whose government was overthrown by the Sandinistas |
| Gabriella Mistral | famous poet from Chile |
| Mexico | nation dominated for most of the twentieth century by the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) |
| Gabriella Garcia Marquez | author of One Hundred Years of Solitude |
| Manuel Oriega | former ruler of Panama |
| Gabriella Garcia Marquez | winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in literature in 1982 |
| Mexico | nation in which vast new oil reserves were discovered in the 1970's |
| Augusto Pinochet | oppressive military dictator of Chile |
| Panama | nation formerly ruled by Manuel Noriega |
| Ernesto Che Guevara | Argentinean ally of Fidel Castro killed trying to spark a revolution in Bolivia |
| Afrikaners | South African whites of Dutch descent |
| Chinua Achebe | Nigerian novelist |
| Mohammad Reza Pahlavi | shah of Iran overthrown by Muslim forces |
| Kwame Nkrumah | leader of Ghana when it became the first African nation to gain independence from Britain |
| Idi Amin | ruled by terror and repression in Uganda in the 1970's |
| Saddam Hussein | leader of Iraq who invaded Kuwait |
| F.W. De Klerk | South African president, who decided in 1993, to permit free democratic elections |
| Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini | leader of the Islamic republic in Iran after the overthrow of the shah |
| apartheid | system of racial segregation |
| South Africa | nation in which the Africn National Congress was formed in 1912 |
| Rwanda | location of a brutal war between the Hutu and Tutsi tribes |
| Zionists | people who advocated that Palestine should be set aside as a home for Jews |
| Anwar El-Sadat | Egyptian president involved in a Camp David Accords |
| Desmond TuTu | South African bishop who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984 |
| Julius Nyerere | president of Tanzania who advocated an "African form of socialism" |
| Yasir Arafat | leader of the Palatine Liberation Organization and the Palestian Authority |
| Menachem Begin | Israeli prime minister involved in Camp David Accords treaty |
| Wabenzi | East African nickname for rich people |
| Gamal Abdel Nasser | president of Egypt during the Seuz War |
| Naguib Manfouz | Egyptian author of the Arabic work Cairo Trilogy |
| Chiang Kai-Shek | nationalist government of China leader who fled to Taiwan |
| Harry Truman | U.S. president at the beginning of the Korean War |
| Pol Pot | Communist dictator of Cambodia |
| Ho Chi Minh | leader of the Vietnamese resistance group |
| Punjab | Indian state with a large Sikh population |
| France | nation that ruled Vietnam until 1954 |
| Deng Xiaopin | Chinese leader who advocated the Four Modernizations |
| Mao Zedong | author of the Little Red Book |
| Viet Cong | Communist guerrillas in South Vietnam |
| Ferdinand Marcos | Philippine leader accused of involvement in the killing of a political opponent |
| Indira Gandhi | Indian president assassinated by the Sikhs |
| Shangai | city in which red traffic lights mean "go!" |
| Haruki Murakami | popular Japanese author of "A Wild Sheep Chase" |
| Richard Nixon | U.S. president who visited China improve U.S.--Chinese relations |
| Mao Zedong | leader of the People's Liberation Army |
| Lyndon Johnson | U.S. president who send U.S. troops to Vietnam in 1965 to prevent Communist Victory |
| Red Guards | group formed to destroy the "Four Olds" |
| Douglas Macarther | U.S. general who governed Japan after WWII |
| Bangladesh | nation formerly known as East Pakistan |
| Beijing | city in which the Tiananmen Square demonstrations took place |
| Balfour Declaration | In November 1917, expressed British support for a national home for the Jews in Palestine |
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