Duchess Park Grade 8 Grammar Terms
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 noun | a word that can be used to refer to a person or place or thing |
| verb | an action word; expresses an action or a state of being (to be) |
| subject | the doer of the action in a sentence |
| predicate | the part of the sentence that contains the verb |
| phrase | a group of words that does not express a complete thought; used to add information to a sentence |
| prepositional phrase | group of words beginning with a preposition and ending with a noun or pronoun; usually describes time, location, or manner |
| prepositional phrase examples | "around the house", "since last night", "beside the window", etc |
| clause | a group of words with a subject and a verb |
| independent clause | expresses a complete thought and can stand by itself as a sentence |
| independent clause example (can stand alone) | "I love hockey" |
| dependent clause | clause contains a subject and a verb, but it is characterized as beginning with a dependent marker word (ie: although, despite, while, because, etc.) and therefore cannot stand by itself as a complete sentence. |
| dependent clause example (cannot stand alone) | "Because I love hockey" |
| simple sentence | a sentence consisting of one independent clause and no dependent clause |
| simple sentence example (1 independent clause) | "I have my English 8 exam today." |
| compound sentence | a sentence with two or more independent clauses |
| compound sentence example (2 independent clauses) | "I have my English 8 exam today, so I have to study for it." |
| complex sentence | a sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause |
| Complex sentence example (one dependent and one independent clause, in either order) | "Even though I have studied, I am still worried about the English 8 exam today." "I am still worried about my English 8 exam today even though I have studied." |
| coordinating conjunction | connects word or word groups that have equal importance in a sentence (FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so); used to connect independent clauses in sentences. |
| sentence fragment | a group of words that is punctuated as if it was a complete sentence but that does not contain both a subject and a verb or does not express a complete thought. |
| sentence fragment example 1 (no subject) | "ran around the house looking for her keys." |
| sentence fragment example 2 (no verb) | "The girl with the long blonde hair and the bright purple binder." |
| sentence fragment example 3 (dependent clause only- not a complete thought) | "Even though I really want the Canucks to win." |
| run-on sentence | two or more sentences joined without adequate punctuation or connecting words |
| run on sentence example | "I studied all night for the test I passed it easily" |
| comma splice | exists when two sentences are joined with only a comma |
| comma splice example | "I studied all night for the test, I passed it easily." |
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