NLN-PAX LPN Health Set
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 caloric need | specific number of calories needed to run our bodies, differs depending on factors such as age, weight, gender, and amount of physical activity |
| obesity | condition in which an individual has a body mass index in excess of 30 |
| nutrients | protiens, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, and vitamins |
| nutrient dense foods | foods that provide substantial amounts of minerals and vitamins with relatively few calories |
| atherosclerosis | condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on the inner walls of the arteries |
| pathogens | disease causing organisms, germs |
| antisepsis | the process of inhibiting the growth and multiplication of microorganisms |
| antibiotics | compounds that kill bacteria without harming the cells of the human or animal hosts |
| antiseptics | chemical agents, applied to living tissues to kill/inhibit growth of microorganisms |
| disinfectants | chemical agents that destroy most bacteria,fungi and viruses, but not spores, on surfaces |
| pasteurization | partial sterilization of foods at a temperature that destroys harmful microorganisms without major changes in the chemistry of the food |
| emphysema | hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls |
| nicotine | an addictive drug found in tobacco |
| cirrhosis | chronic disease charaterized by degeneration of liver tissue most oftern caused by alcoholism or a nutritional deficiency (cirrho = yellow) |
| cannabinoids | THC, Hashish, Marijauana - sometimes mixed in w/ hallucinogens or stimulants |
| depressants | drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions |
| hallucinogens | psychedelic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input |
| opioids | substances, including morphine and heroin, that produce euphoria followed by a tranquil state |
| stimulants | psychoactive drugs, such as caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine, that excite neural activity and speed up body functions |
| food-borne illness | an illness caused by eating or drinking a food that contains a toxin or disease causing microorganism |
| dangerous temperature zone | Bacteria can double in 20 to 30 min in 41 to 139 degrees(F) |
| disease transmission | -person to person contact-airborne -food borne-water borne-animal bites |
| indirect contact | way to transmit pathogens by touching something contaminated by the infected person |
| vectors | animals that carry pathogens from person to person |
| lymphocytes | Make antibodies to destroy foreign pathogens |
| antibodies | Specialized proteins that aid in destroying infectious agents |
| noninfectious | a disease that results from aging, malnutrition, a genetic problem, or a malfunctioning organ |
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