Chapter 16 Physics Light Vocab
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1740000281 on May 7, 2011
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54 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Electromagnetic Spectrum | transverse wave; complete range of radiation produced by accelerated charged particles |
| Radio Waves | lowest energy 1000m = 1mm |
| Microwaves | shortest wavelength of radio waves; highest frequency, highest energy |
| Infrared Radiation | (heat) caused by molecules moving due to heat |
| Visible Radiation | 1/10 of 1% = (70nm = 400 nm) red to violet |
| Ultraviolet Radiation | beyond the violet end of the visible spectrum, that is characterized by short wavelengths |
| X-Rays | a high energy short wavelenth form of electromagentic radiation |
| Gamma Rays | high frequency electromagnetic radiation emitted by the nuclei of radioactive atoms |
| Speed of Light | All travel at 3*10^8 m/sec |
| Luminous Body | Gives off their own light (sun, lightbulb) |
| Illuminated Body | Reflects light (all other objects: moon rainbow desk book) |
| Luminous Flux | Flow of light from the soucre measured in lumens |
| Illuminance | Amount of light that falls on a surface. Measured in lux (1 lux= 1 lemen/1 meter ^2) |
| Candela | a unit of luminuous intensity |
| Reflect, Absorb, Transmit | Light |
| Transparent | materials that allow visible light to pass through easily |
| Translucent | materials transmit light, but objects cannot be seen clearly through it |
| Opaque | materials reflect or absorb all the light that falls on them; allows no light to pass through |
| Color Spectrum | the distribution of colors produced when light is dispersed by a prism |
| Primary Colors of LIGHT | Blue, Green and Red; when mixed together they produce white light |
| Secondary Colors of LIGHT | Yellow, Cyan and Magenta |
| Complementary Colors of LIGHT | a pair of colors which can be additively combined to produce white light |
| Pigment | ... |
| Dye | ... |
| Filters | only allow certain colors to pass through them |
| Primary Pigments | ... |
| Secondary Pigments | ... |
| Complementary Pigments | make black |
| Law of Reflection | ... |
| Refraction | The bending of a wave disturbance as it passes at an angle from one medium to another |
| Diffuse Reflection | ... |
| Regular Reflection | Reflection on a very smooth surface like a mirror. Light rays reflect in an organized pattern and an image is seen |
| Dispersion | separation of colors of light into spectrum by refraction; breaking of whiter light into its component colors (continuous spectrum) as it passes through a prism |
| Snell's Law | n_1 sin theta _ 1= n_2 sin theta_2: concerns refraction indexes and angles of refraction of light when passing through a medium |
| Index of Refraction | the ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum to that in a medium;(n) no units b/c its a ratio; only works going from a vacuum into substance |
| Optically dense | ... |
| Total internal Reflection | the complete reflection of light at the boundary of two transparent media; this effect occurs when the angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle; only works going from more dense to less dense |
| Critical Angle | the maximum angle of incidence at which total internal reflection occurs; theta C; only works going from more dense to less dense |
| Diffraction | bending of light saround a barrier or thru a slit |
| Diffraction gratings | a piece of glass or plastic w/ many parallel slit etched/cut into it |
| Interference | ... |
| Polarization | when only certain directions of light are let through an object (think of pick it fence); overlap both, blocks out all light |
| Convex Lenses | a lens that curves outward |
| Concave Lenses | a lens that curves inward |
| Nearsighted | myopia; blurring of distant objects; refracts too much, image focuses in front of the retina |
| Farsighted | hyperopia; blurring of close objects; doesn't refract enough, image focuses behind retina |
| Photons | particles massless bundles of energy |
| Rays | tend to travel in straight lines |
| Photoreceptors | detect color |
| Color blind | missing a cone; 8% males, 12% females |
| White | presence of all colors |
| Black | absence of color |
| Mirages | hot air above road surface is less optically dense- causing light to refract/ totally internally reflect |
| Eyesight | cornea focuses llight on the retina; refracts light |
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