Chapter 6 - Sections 3 and 4
Order by
40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Optic nerve | sends impulses to cerebrum |
| Blind spot | retina attaches to nerve, no vision |
| Fovea | max vision |
| Retina | layer of receptor cells (rods and cones) that line back of the eye; changes light to impulses |
| What are rods and cones? | receptor cells in the retina that send impulses to cerebrum which turns image right-side up. |
| Which receptor cells work best in dim light? | Rod cells - they enable you to see black, white, and shades of gray. |
| Aqueous humor | shapes cornea |
| Pupil | allows light to enter; size of pupil adjusted by muscles in the iris. |
| Cornea | clear tissue that covers the front of the eye and bends light into pupil |
| Lens | flexible structure that focuses light onto retina |
| Iris | controls amount of light entering into the eye - is as individual as a finger print and even more detailed. |
| Ciliary muscles | pull lens for focusing |
| Vitreous humor | shapes eyeball; holds retina |
| Sclera | protective covering |
| Choroid | blood vessels |
| Nearsightedness | trouble seeing objects far away; concave lens for correction |
| Farsightedness | trouble seeing objects close up; convex lens for correction |
| What is the function of ears | sense organs that respond to stimulus of sound; ears convert sound to nerve impulses that your brain interprets |
| What are the three regions of the ear | outer ear, middle ear, inner ear |
| describe the outer ear | funnel-shaped to collect sound |
| describe the middle ear | consists of the eardrum, hammer, anvil and stirrup |
| What is the function of the eardrum | separates the outer ear from the middle ear; it's a membrane that vibrates when sound strikes it |
| What is the function of the hammer, anvil and stirrup | smallest bones in the body that occur in the middle ear; vibration passes from the hammer to the anvil to the strirrup. |
| What is the function of the cochlea | Occurs in the inner ear; tranfers impulses to the brain through the auditory nerve |
| What are the semicircular canals? | structures in the inner ear that controls balance |
| How are the senses of smell and taste similar? | Work closely together; both depend upon chemicals in the air and in food. The chemicals trigger responses in receptors in the nose and mouth. |
| How is information about smell sent to the brain? | THrough the olfactory nerve |
| What basic tastes can the tongue distinguish | sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami (brothy and meaty flavors) |
| WHat is the largest sense organ | skin |
| WHat kind of receptors does the skin have? | different kinds that respond to a number of stimuli. |
| Where are receptors that respond to light touch and texture located? | upper part of the dermis |
| Where are receptors located that repond to pressure | Deeper in the dermis |
| What other receptors are located in the dermis | heat, pain and cold |
| What is concidered to be a drug? | anything other than food that affects the body, primarily the nervous system. |
| What is considered to be a medicine? | drugs that treat medical problems |
| What are the two classes of medicine? | prescription and OTC |
| What do stimulants do to your body and give examples? | speed up CNS. Cocaine, nicotine, caffine |
| What do depressants do to your body and give examples? | slow down CNS. Alcohol, heroin |
| What do inhalents and hallucinogens do to your body and give examples? | altre perception. LSD, paint thinner |
| What do anabolic steroids do to your body and give examples? | increase muscle and strength. Heart and liver damage |
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