| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Muhammad | The prophet in which Muslims believe was the last and final messenger of god. |
| Mecca | The holy city of Islam; Muhammad was born there and he later ruled it. |
| Medina | The city where Muhammad and his followers traveled during their exile from Mecca |
| Hijra | The name for the migration from Mecca to Medina in 622 by Muhammad and his followers |
| Kaaba | A sacred building shaped as a cube located in Mecca. The structure is 1000 years old and it is to this that all Muslims pray towards |
| Quran | The holy text of Islam |
| Mosque | A "temple" or holy place in which Muslims pray |
| Minaret | A particular style in Arab architecture. Minarets once served as watchtowers. |
| 5 Pillars | The 5 Pillars of Islam are the 5 things that all Muslims have to abide by if considered a true Muslim |
| Hajj | This is the pillar that states that all must make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in his.her life if he/she is able to afford it. |
| Ramadan | This is the pillar stating that during the holy month of Ramadan, everyone has to fast during the day time. |
| Sharia | The system of law within the Muslims religion |
| Caliph | The title taken by an Islamic leader |
| Sunni | A type of Muslim that believes the leader does not have to be a descendant of Muhammad |
| Shiite | A type of Muslim that believes the leader has to be a descendant of Muhammad |
| Umayyads | A Muslim dynasty that took place after the death of Muhammad and whose opinions agreed more so with the Sunnis |
| Abbasids | A Muslim dynasty that also took place after the death of Muhammad and whose opinions agreed more so with the Shiites |
| Sultans | The kings or rulers of a Muslim nation |
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