General Science Module 6
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Catastrophism | the view that most of earth's geological features are the result of large-scale catastrophes such as floods, volcanic eruptions, etc |
| Uniformitarianism | the view that most of earth's geological features are the result of slow, gradual processes that have been at work for millions or even billions of years |
| Humus | the decayed remains of once-living creatures |
| Minerals | inorganic crystalline substances found naturally in the earth |
| Weathering | the process by which rocks are broken down by forces of nature |
| Erosion | the process by which sediments and rock fragments are carried away by wind or rain |
| Unconformity | a surface of erosion that separates one layer of rock from another |
| Which hypothesis requires the earth to be billions of years old? | The uniformitarian hypothesis |
| What are the three basic types of rocks? | Igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary |
| What agent has laid down most sedimentary rocks? | Water |
| Chemical weathering | weathering that changes the composition of the rocks |
| Physical weathering | weathering that breaks rocks apart without changing the composition |
| Where do a large part of the sediments carried by a river end up? | In the river's delta |
| What is the difference between stalactites and stalagmites? | Stalactites hang from the ceiling like ladies' tights. Or stalactites have "c" for ceiling will stalagmites have "g" for ground |
| Which river causes more erosion - fast-flowing or slow-flowing? | Fast-flowing river |
| How are underground caverns formed? | Erosion by the groundwater |
| How are stalactites and stalagmites formed? | Groundwater seeps through the ceiling of the cavern. As the drop falls from the ceiling to the floor it leaves deposits on one or the other or both. |
| Identify the different types of rock on the diagram on page 160 | Igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary, angular unconformity, intrusion |
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