AP World History
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Chrysa1229 on May 10, 2011
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Flashcards for the AP World History test
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69 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 100 years war | England vs. France. A war over territory-basically, the English trying to hold onto their territory in Northern France, and the French trying to boot them out. France wins. Important because it signaled a beginning of the end of feudal Europe. Knights began to lose prominence on the battlefield. |
| 30 years war | War in Europe. Religious conflicts blow up into a political war on the continent |
| 7 years war | England vs. France. Conflict over colonies. England wins, France pays huge costs-eventually supports the Americans in our revolution for revenge-further hampers French economy. |
| Four Noble Truths | Part of the Buddhist Doctrine: 1. Suffering is part of life 2. Desire is the result of suffering 3. Freedom from suffering can be achieved by the 8 fold path 4. The 8 fold path leads to nirvana |
| Empress Wu | Ruled during the Tang Dynasty Expanded Empire Supported Buddhism |
| Nineveh | Assyrian Capital |
| Assyrians | Defeated the Hittites Learned how to use iron for weaponry Cruel Military superpower |
| Greek Politics | City-States known as Polis The 2 main polises were Athens and Sparta |
| Greek Democracy | There were three types of people: 1. Citizens 2. Free ppl with no rights 3. slaves Only adult males could participate in the democracy |
| Athens | Political, commercial, and cultural center Draco and Solon helped create the democracy |
| Slaves in Ancient Greece | Slaves weren't treated like complete crap Slavery actually helped the people create democracy |
| Sparta | Agricultural and militaristic women had more freedom and rights military training stressed equality but NOT individuality |
| Collapse of Republic | 1st Caesar took over and then Octavius did. The reasons why the republic was failing was because: 1. Too many slaves 2. bad economy 3. leaders fought among themselves |
| Punic Wars | Wars between early Rome and Carthage Rome won the wars overall After the Punic Wars Rome began expanding The General for Carthage was Hannibal |
| Edict of Milan | Constantine issued the Edict of Milan making Christianity the Empire's religion. |
| Pax Romana | 200 years of Roman peace and prosperity |
| Roman Politics | There was a senate and assembly and 2 consuls who ran the place. |
| Patriarchs | Land owning noblemen |
| Plebians | Free men who were not slaves, but didn't own land |
| 12 Tables of Rome | The law/code of Rome |
| Alexander the Great + Hellenism | Hellenism: A combination of Greek and Roman Culture Alex the Great created Hellenism and started expanding it throughout all of the areas that he was in control of. |
| Peloponnesian Wars | Wars between Sparta and Athens. Sparta won but didn't destroy Athens due to respect for Athens. |
| Why Athens lost the Peloponnesian Wars | Athens lost due to: Plague + weak navy |
| Golden Age of Pericles | Pericles was a ruler in Athens, who encouraged the spread of culture . Athens became a cultural powerhouse and during this time there was : Homer, Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates. Occurred after the Persian War |
| Persian Wars | Greek City-States got together and held back (but didn't completely defeat) Persia |
| Maya | During the time period of the Han, Roman, and Gupta. They had human sacrifice and war for the sole purpose of getting slaves for the human sacrifice. The government was a bunch of city-states under one king. |
| Chavin | Early civilization in the Andes that was completely isolated. It was not an RVC |
| Foraging Societies (Hunter-Gatherers) | Hunter-gatherers that were at the mercy of nature. Women gather. Men hunt., |
| Pastoral Societies | These are nomadic people who herd domesticated animals. |
| Egyptian Social Structure | 1. Pharaoh 2. Priests 3. Merchants and Artisans 4. Peasants 5. Slaves |
| Olmecs | American isolated civilization in central Mexico. Mastered: irrigation, calender, writing WASN'T AN RVC!!! |
| Gupta Empire | Chandra Gupta created this Empire. Collapsed due to huns. Arabic Numerals |
| Mauryan Empire | Founded by Chandra Gupta Maurya. Prosperous due to trade and powerful military decline due to economic issues |
| Qin Dynasty | Very short. Economy was based on agriculture good army w/ use of iron *created the great wall of china* Extremely centralized and legalist!! |
| Han Dynasty | Silk Road trade Buddhism spread Confucian beliefs Started Civil Service Exams Huns attempted to invade, but Wu Ti kicked them out. |
| Ashoka Maurya | He was Buddhist, which encouraged the people to convert to Buddhism. He was the emperor when the Mauryan Empire was at its height. |
| Neolithic Revolution | Didn't happen all at once it is the revolution where people began settling and farming. |
| Food Surplus | Food Surplus = specialization of labor |
| Bronze Age | People start using metallurgy to make Bronze weapons and tools. Thank you surplus!! |
| River Valley Civilization | People started first making civilizations on river valley's because they needed the water for farming and the soil was rich for farming. Examples: Egypt, Mesopotamia, Indus, China |
| Mesopotamia | First big civilization Between the Tigris and Euphrates |
| Jenne-Jeno | First city in Sub-Saharan Africa Bantu Speakers |
| Bantu Migrations | Spread Farming Techniques and language in Africa. Went from Sub-Sahara to the South and East |
| Zhou Dynasty | Longest dynasty had a bureaucracy started the Mandate of Heaven Ended due to internal fighting and warfare |
| Shang China | Huang He River Valley Extremely isolated and thought that they were the most awesome thing ever |
| Indus Valley | Extremely advanced cities: Harrapa Mohenjo-Daro |
| Khyber Pass | The pass between the Kush mountains where the Indus RVC was able to trade with the Mediterranean for food. |
| Women in Egypt | 1st female ruler- Queen Hatsheput Women had a higher status in Egypt than in other societies but they were still viewed as lower to men. |
| Three Kingdoms of Egypt | Old, Middle, and New. The New was the most prosperous |
| Hebrews | First monotheistic religion |
| Phoenicians | Created the greek alphabet |
| Lydians | made coins |
| Great Royal Road | Persian Road for trading |
| Sumerians | They developed cuneiform: first form of writing |
| Babylon | overran the Akkad. one of the kings was Hammurabi |
| Code of Hammurabi | One of the first law codes shows the social differences |
| Ziggurates | Temples |
| Persian Empire | Took over Babylon. Created roads for trade and transport (Great Royal Road) |
| Hittites | First people to use iron in weaponry |
| Collapse of Han China | Overthrown by people due to external and internal problems |
| Collapse of the Gupta Empire | Invaded by the white huns |
| Collapse of the Roman Empire | External: huns Internal: economy, disease, same old same old The western 1/2 collapsed, but the Eastern 1/2 became the Byzantine Empire |
| Similarities Between the Inca and Aztec | Both used innovative techniques to dramatically increase agricultural production |
| European Community/Union | Post WW2 Europe wants to compete w/ the USA trade and economy so all of Europe unites together for economic reasons. Eased trade restrictions Stopped being protectionist created the Euro |
| 20th Century Consumerism | More advertising |
| Colombian Exchange | It is the biological exchange between the Americas and the rest of the world (Eastern + Western Hemisphere). Biological: food (potato) disease (bubonic plague) animals (horse) |
| Russian Exploration | Czarist Russia explored N. America, Alaska, and Hawaii in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. |
| Sub-Saharan Economy | Exported gold to Europe and the Middle East |
| Roman + Abbassid Decline | Growing reliance on mercenary armies |
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