Chapter 7: The Road to Revolution
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Republicanism | Ideology of running a nation as a republic, with an emphasis on liberty, rule of law, sovereignty, and the civic virtue practiced by citizens. |
| Radical Whigs | a group of British political commentators, made attacks on the use of patronage and bribes by the king's ministers. they warned citizens to be on guard for possible corruption. |
| mercantilism | An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought. |
| Navigation Act | passed by the revolutionary government in England in 1651. It was the first of series of political measure by which the Britain Empire built. It was aimed against the Dutch carrying trade. It stated that imported products must come to England in English ships or ships from a country in which goods were produced. Additionally, Britain claimed sovereignty in the Narrow Seas (aka the English Channel). |
| Sugar Act | law passed by the British Parliament setting taxes on molasses and sugar imported by the colonies |
| Quartering Act of 1765 | Required the colonials to provide food, lodging, and supplies for the British troops in the colonies. |
| Stamp Act | A law passed by the British Parliament in 1765 requiring colonists to pay a tax on newspapers, pamphlets, legal documents, and even playing cards. |
| George Grenville | Appointed by King George III as the Prime Minister, he had the opinion that the colonists should obey the laws and pay a part of the cost of defending and administering the British empire; passed the Sugar and Stamp Acts. |
| virtual representation | British governmental theory that Parliament spoke for all British subjects, including Americans, even if they did not vote for its members |
| nonimportation agreements | Agreements not to import goods from Great Britain. They were designed to put pressure on the British economy and force the repeal of unpopular parliamentary acts. |
| Sons of Liberty | Secret societies formed to protest new taxes passed by Parliament. Led the Boston Tea Party and threatened tax collectors. |
| Declaratory Act | Act passed in 1766 just after the repeal of the Stamp Act. Stated that Parliament could legislate for the colonies in all cases. |
| Townshend Acts | Laws passed in 1767 that taxed goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea |
| Boston Massacre | The first bloodshed of the Amercan Revolution, as British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five americans |
| committees of correspondence | Organization founded by Samuel Adams consisting of a system of communication between patriot leaders in New England and throughout the colonies |
| Boston Tea Party | A raid on three British ships in Boston Harbor in which Boston colonists, disguised as Indians, threw the contents of several hundred chests of tea into the harbor as a protest against British taxes on tea and against the monopoly granted the East India Company. |
| Intolerable Acts | In response to Boston Tea Party, 4 acts passed in 1774, Port of Boston closed, reduced power of assemblies in colonies, permitted royal officers to be tried elsewhere, provided for quartering of troops in barns and empty houses |
| Quebec Act | Extended boundaries of Quebec and granted equal rights to Catholics and recognized legality Catholic Church in the territory; colonists feared this meant that a pope would soon oversee the colonies. |
| First Continental Congress | The assembly of colonial delegates from every colony except Georgia that met in 1774 in Philadelphia to oppose the Intolerable Acts. |
| The Association | Effective organization created by the First Continental Congress to provide a total, unified boycott of all British goods |
| Lexington | The town is famous for being the site of the opening shots ("the shot heard 'round the world") of the Battle of Lexington, the first engagement of the American Revolution. |
| Baron von Steuben | A stern, Prussian drillmaster that taught American soldiers during the Revolutionary War how to successfully fight the British. |
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