Science Chemistry 3
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Created by:
emilydavis15 Plus on May 11, 2011
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Pressure | the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface |
| Pascal | the SI unit of pressure; equal to the force of 1N exerted over an area of 1 m^2 (symbol pas) |
| Buoyant force | the upward force that keeps an object immersed in or floating on a fluid |
| Viscosity | the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow |
| Gas laws | the laws that state the mathematical relationships between the volume, temperature, pressure, and quantity of a gas |
| Charles' law | the initial volume (V1) divided by the initial temperature (T1) is equal to the final volume (V2) divided by the final temperature (T2) |
| Boyle's law | the initial pressure (P1) times the initial volume (V1) is equal to the final pressure (P2) times the final volume (V2) |
| Gay-Lussac's law | the initial pressure (P1) divided by the initial temperature (T1) is equal to the final pressure (P2) divided by the final temperature (T2) |
| Combined gas law | the initial pressure (P1) times the initial volume (V1) divided by the initial temperature (T1) is equal to the final pressure (P2) times the final volume (V2) divided by the final temperature (T2) |
| Temperature | a measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object |
| Thermometer | an instrument that measures and indicates temperature |
| Absolute zero | the temperature at which molecular energy is at a minimum (0K on the Kenlvin scale or -273.15°C on the Celsius scale) |
| Heat | the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures |
| Thermal scales | the average kinetic energy of a molecule in a substance (different in different countries) (Fahrenheit and Celsius are examples) |
| Thermal conduction | the transfer of energy as heat moves through a material |
| Convection | the movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations |
| Convection current | any movement of matter that results from differences in density |
| Radiation | the energy that is transferred as electromagnetic waves, such as visible light and infrared waves |
| Specific Heat | the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogeneous material 1K or 1°C in a specified way given constant pressure and volume |
| Conductors | a material through which energy can be easily transferred as heat (carries heat) |
| Insulators | a material that transfers energy poorly (does not carry heat) |
| Exothermic | energy released as heat (feels hot) |
| Endothermic | energy is absorbed (feels cold) |
| 334 J/g | Heat of Fusion (#) |
| 2260 J/g | Heat of Vaporization (#) |
| Alloy | a solid or liquid mixture of two or more metals |
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