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cell: in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm
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cell membrane: a phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's environment
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cell theory: all organisms are made of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of all living things
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cell wall: a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
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chloroplast: the organelle that uses the energy of sunlight to make food
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cytoplasm: the fluid inside a cell
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DNA: the genetic material that carries information needed to make new cells and new organisms
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endoplasmic reticulum: a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in production of lipids
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eukaryote: an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archaea or bacteria
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eukaryotic cells: cells that have a nucleus
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golgi complex: cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
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lysosome: a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes
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mitochondrion: in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the cite of cellular respiration
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multicellular: made of many cells
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nucleus: in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA and that has a tole of processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction
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organelle: one of the small bodies in a cell's cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function
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prokaryote: an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus
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prokaryotic cells: cells with no nucleus
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ribosome: cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis
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ribosomes: tiny, round organelles made of protein and other material
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types of archaea: heat-loving, salt-loving and methane-making
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vesicle: a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell