Fetal Pig Structures & Functions
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65 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Pinna | External part of ear in mammals; the auricle; used for hearing |
| External Nares | Nostrils of the pig; used in smell |
| Mammary Papilla | Nipples on the ventral of the pig; Used for breast feeding in females; On the two sides of the umbilical cord |
| Umbilical Cord | Supplies fetus with nutrients and other resources while in the mother's uterus; attaches to the placenta |
| Umbilical Vein | brings oxygenated blood to the fetus fromplacenta |
| Umbilical Arteries | Along the urinary bladder; brings de-oxygenated blood from the fetus |
| Genital Papilla | Only found in females; will develop into a vagina |
| Urogenital opening | Only in males; Part of male excretory and reproductive systems |
| Scrotal Sac | Only in males; contains the testes |
| Thymus Gland | Regulates and stimulates the immune system |
| Thyroid Gland | regulates metabolism; produces thyroxin and calcium |
| Adrenal Glands | Produces steroidal hormones |
| Pancreatic Islets | Control blood sugar levels |
| Trachea | Lined air tube; between larynx and bronchi in which air travels to the lungs |
| 6 Lobes of the Lung | Organ consisting of spongy tissue which exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood |
| Diaphragm | Sheet of muscle forming the bottom wall of the chest cavity; contracts while inhaling and relaxes while exhaling; separates thorax from abdomen |
| Tongue | muscular organ in the mouth; used for chewing, tasting, and swallowing; begins chemical digestion |
| Esophagus | Muscle-encased tube of alimentary canal that transports food from the pharynx to the stomach; Mechanical digestion |
| Stomach | Elastic, muscular sac where both chemical and mechanical digestion take place; between small Intestine and esophagus |
| Pancreas | Gland that makes digestive enzymes and secretes them into the small intestine; secretes insulin and Glucagon into the blood; located behind the stomach |
| Liver | largest organ in the body; maintains metabolism; produces bile; stores glucose as glycogen; transforms ammonia to urea |
| Gallbladder | Organ that stores bile from the liver and releases it into the small intestine |
| Small Intestine | Long, narrow tube where most absorption occurs |
| Cecum | Pouch between the conjunction of the intestines; receives waste products coming from the small intestine |
| Large Intestine/Spiral Colon | Takes waste out of the body; removes water from waste products; stems from the cecum to the rectum |
| Rectum | Bottom segment of large intestine; leads to the anus |
| Anus | Place where solid waste products exit the body; basically a hole on the exterior |
| Heart | Multi-chambered, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body |
| Coronary Arteries & Veins | Bring nutrients and blood to the heart; removes waste products |
| Superior and Inferior Vena Cava | Bring de-oxygenated blood from the upper and lower thorax into the right atrium; located next to the aorta |
| Right Atrium | Receives de-oxgenated blood from the vena cavas; pumps it through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle |
| Right Ventricle | Receives deoxygenated blood from the tricuspid valve and pumps it through the pulmonary semi-lunar valve |
| Pulmonary Artery | Blood vessel that receives deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary semi-lunar valve and carries it to the lungs |
| Pulmonary Veins | Take the reoxygenated blood from the lungs towards the heart; delivers it to the left atrium |
| Left Atrium | Recieves oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins and pumps it through the bicuspid valve |
| Left Ventricle | Receives oxygenated blood from the bicuspid and pumps it through the aortic semi-lunar valve; more muscular than the right ventricle |
| Aorta | Artery that delivers oxygenated blood to the rest of the body; Three different branches emerge |
| Ductus Arteriosis | Blood vessel in fetuses; attaches pulmonary artery to aorta; closes shortly after birth |
| Foramen Ovale | Small hole in septum between the two atriums |
| Spleen | Produces and removes blood cells; part of immune system |
| Renal Arteries | Supplies oxygenated blood to the kidneys |
| Renal Veins | Removes deoxygenated blood from the kidneys |
| Kidneys | Main organ of excretory system; excretes waste products; regulates water and salt balance |
| Urinary Bladder | Sac that stores urine until it is eliminated from the body |
| Urethra | Tube leading from urinary bladder through which urine exits the body |
| Ovaries | Female reproductive organ that produces egg cells and hormones |
| Oviducts | Passageway that moves eggs away from the ovary and towards the uterus; usual site of fertilization |
| Uterus | Found in female mammals; area where young are usually conceived and develop into a fetus |
| Vagina | Functions as a birth canal; Passageway for menstrual flow; Receives the penis in reproduction; Leads uterus to body's exterior |
| Testes | Two sperm producing organs contained in the scrotum |
| Epididymus | Long, thin, coiled tube where sperm mature and are stored |
| Ductus Deferens | Tube that serves as a passageway for sperm between the epididymus and urethra |
| Seminal Vesicles | Secrete fluids and semen that help carry the sperm; located behind the bladder |
| Bulbourethral Glands | Pea-sized glands; located on both sides of the urethra; gives off seminal fluid to the urethra |
| Penis | Male reproductive organ; contains the urethra and also serves to eliminate urine from the body |
| Dorsal | Towards the surface of a quadraped's back |
| Ventral | Towards the underside of a quadraped |
| Medial | Towards the median plane; middle of body |
| Lateral | Pertaining to the side of the body |
| Cranial | Towards the head |
| Caudal | Towards the tail |
| Proximal | The end of the limb near its attachment |
| Distal | End of limb farthest from attachment |
| Anterior | Towards the front |
| Posterior | Towards the back |
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