SOLUTIONS
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 SOLUTIONS | a mixture where substances are distributed evenly. Has a solvent & solute. |
| MIXTURE | two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding) |
| HOMOGENEOUS | of the same kind; uniform in composition throughout |
| HETEROGENEOUS | dissimilar; mixed; not homogeneous; consisting of dissimilar elements |
| SUSPENSIONS | a mixture in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas |
| SOLVENT | a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances |
| SOLVATE | to dissolve |
| HYDRATION | the process of combining with water |
| MISCIBLE | describes two or more liquids that are able to dissolve into each other in various proportions |
| SOLUTE | substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution |
| IMMISCIBLE | describes two or more liquids that do not mix into each other |
| ALLOY | a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten |
| DILUTE | to weaken, especially by adding water to a solution |
| CONCENTRATED | a solution containing relatively large amounts of solute |
| SATURATED | being the most concentrated solution possible at a given temperature |
| SUPERSATURATED | condition of a solution when more solute has dissolved than is normally possible at a given temperature |
| CRYSTALLIZE | cause to form crystals or assume crystalline form |
| PRECIPITATE | a solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture |
| EXOTHERMIC | chemical reaction in which energy is primarily given off in the form of heat |
| ENDOTHERMIC | describes a reaction that absorbs energy from the surroundings |
| HEAT OF SOLUTION | the heat evolved or absorbed when one mole of a substance is dissolved in a large volume of a solvent |
| DISTILLATION | the process of purifying a liquid by boiling it and condensing its vapors |
| ELECTROLYTE | a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current |
| DISSOCIATE | to separate and form ions |
| CONCENTRATION | the strength of a solution |
| HYDRONIUM | formed when an acid is added to water (H3O+) |
| MOLAR | solution that has one mole of solute per liter of solution. |
| MOLAL | designating a solution containing 1 mole of solute per 1000 grams of solvent |
| STANDARD SOLUTION | the solution that contains the precisely known concentration of a solute |
| COLLIGATIVE PROPERTY | A property of a solution that depends on the number, not the identity, of the solute particles. |
| HENRY'S LAW | The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid |
| COLLOIDS | particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions form mixtures known as colloidal dispersions |
| EQUILIBRIUM | a chemical reaction and its reverse proceed at equal rates |
| SOLUBLE | (of a substance) capable of being dissolved in some solvent (usually water) |
| SOLUBILITY | the quantity of a particular substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent (yielding a saturated solution) |
| AEROSOL | a cloud of solid or liquid particles in a gas |
| FOAM | a type of colloid in which a gas is spread throughout a liquid |
| EMULSION | any mixture of two or more immiscible liquids in which one liquid is dispersed in the other |
| GEL | A colloid with liquid held between particles of a solid |
| SOL | a colloid that has a continuous liquid phase in which a solid is suspended in a liquid |
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