| Term | Definition |
|---|
| cranial floor | internal, bottom surface of the cranium |
| cranial fossae contains | ant. cranial fossa, post. cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa |
| ant. cranial fossa | formed by the orbital planes of the frontal bone and ethmoid bone |
| post. cranial fossa | large depression made up mostly of the occipital bone ; deepest and largest of the3 fossa |
| middle cranial fossa | loc. b/t ant. & post.cranial fossa |
| ethmoid bone contains | cribriform plate; crista gali |
| ethmoid bone is located | in the ant. fossa |
| cribriform plate | 1) lies horozonally 2) its perforated 3) holes/ openings passageway for olafactory nervers from the nose to the brian |
| crista gali | upward projecting portions of bone from the midlline of the cribriform plate |
| optic foramina | 1) pair of openings ant. to to the sella turcica 2) serves as an entrence/ exit to optic canal (3) optic nerve- passes thro these openings |
| chaismatic groove | narrow self extending from 1 optic foramina to the other |
| superior orbital fissure | (1) jagged opening loc. under ant. clinoid process (2) passageway for a set of cranial nerves and blood vessels |
| frontal bone contains | foramen cecum |
| frontal bone is loc | in the ant fossa |
| foramen cecum | small single opening ant to the ethmoid bone |
| sphnoid bone makes up | the middle fossa |
| sphnoid bone shaped like | a bat |
| sphnoid bone contains | smaller wing of sphenoid |
| smaller wing of sphenoid | the ant./lat points of the "bat wings" |
| hypophyseal fossa | (1) deep depression on the midline of the middle fossa (2) on post. portion of sphenoid bone (3) contain pituitary gland |
| dorsum sella | (1) directly post. to hypophyseal fossa (2) point project backwards |
| post. clinoid processes | the 2 outer pointy processes of the dorsum sella |
| sella turcica (turkish saddle) | consists of the above 4 structures |
| foramen rotundum | (1) arched opening post. of the sup. orbital fissure (2) passageway for a maxillary branch of cranial nerves ( trigeminal nerves) |
| temp. bone ( middle fossa) contains | squamous portion, petrous portion, mastoid part |
| squamous portion | thin portion that forms a part of the lat. surf of cranium |
| retrous portion | (a) hardest thickest portion of the cranium (b) internal acusticmeatus |
| internal acusticmeatus | loc on the medial surf of petrous portion internal opening of ear canal |
| mastoid part | (a) most post portion (b) loc. below petrous port (c) mastoid foramen (d) mastoid process |
| mastoid foramen | sm opening ant to the depression of the mastoid process |
| mastoid process | (fossa) on the internal surf. but a proc on the external surf appers as a depression |
| occipital bone contains | depression of the transversal sinus, |
| occipital bone facts | makes up the post fossa; appears as inf/sup nuchal lines on the external surf |
| paranasal sinuses | cavities which lighten the skull w/o weakening it; all of the sinuses have passageways leading to the nasal and oral cavities; there are 4 sets of paranasal sinuses |
| 4 sets of paranasal sinuses | frontal sinuses ; maxillary sinuses ; sph. sinuses ; ethmoid sinuses/ air cells |
| frontal sinuses | loc above the eyes w/in the frontal bone |
| maxillary sinuses | largest sinuses , on each side of the nose and below the eyes; AKA antrums of highmore |
| sph. sinuses | most post of sinuses; loc w/in the sph bone; directly post to maxillary sinuses |
| ethmoid sinuses/ air cells | loc b/t frontal and sph. sinuses; appears as a group of small openings |
| the mandible | only movable bone of the skull; lower jaw bone; composed of two portions |
| two portions of mandibles | body- the single horizonal portion; ram/ ramous-the 2 vertical portions |
| symphysis (sdm) | point of fusion on the midline of the body of the mandible |
| incisive fossae (sdm) | 2 small depressions on each side of the symphysis |
| mandibular condyle (sdm) | rounded process on the post/ sup portion of each ram; articulates w/the mandibular fossa on the temporal bone |
| coronoid processes (sdm) | pointed proc loc directly ant to mandubular condyle |
| mandibular notch (sdm) | the gap b/t the mandibular condyle and coronoid proc |
| angles (sdm) | the point where the body and the rami meet |
| oblique line (sdm) | a raised ridge of bone that extends from the rami down to the body on the external surf of the mandible |
| mylonyoid line (sdm) | a raised ridge of bone that extends from the rami down to the body on the internal surf of the mandible |
| alveolar process (sdm) | the raised portion of the mandible along the body that contains the teeth (gums) |
| mandibular foramina (sdm) | foramen loc on the internal surf of each rami |
| mental foramen (sdm) | foramen loc on the external surf of body; one on each side of the body |
| fetal skull | skull is not completley ossified at birth |
| fontanels | soft spots (a) un-ossified membranous areas of the fetal skull (b) undicated by a jagged line(c) eventually becomes a fused joint or suture |
| fontanels allow | allow the cranial bones to overlap during a normal vaginal delivery; ossification of a childs skull is complete around the age of 2; 6 total |
| the 6 fontanels | anterior fontanel; post fontanel; aterolateral; posterolateral |
| anterior fontanel | diamond shaped; most ant on the midline; at the junction of the frontal and parietal bones |
| post fontanel | diamond shaped but smaller than ant fontanel; lies on te midline at the junction of teh parietal and occipital bones |
| aterolateral fontanels | 2 loc on each side of the skull; loc at the lat end of the coronalsuture |
| posterolateral fontanels | 2 loc on each side of the skull; loc at the lat ends of the lamboidal suture |
Combine with other sets
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