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90 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 acne | chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands that is characterized by comedones and blemishes |
| acne excoriee | A disorder where clients purposely scrape off acne lesions, causing scarring and discoloration. |
| actinic keratoses | pink or fleshcolored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough ususally as the result of sun damage |
| albinism | the absence of melanin pigment in the body, including skin, hair and eyes; congenital leukoderma |
| anhidrosis | a deficiency in perspiration, often as a result of a fever or skin disease that requires medical attention |
| asteatosis | dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency, which can be due to aging, body disorders, alkalies of harsh soaps, or cold exposure |
| atopic dermatitis | overactive immune system and is prevalent in people with nasal allergies and asthma |
| bacterial conjunctivitis | pinkeye; very contagious |
| basal cell carcinoma | the most common and the least severe type of skin cancer, which often appears as light, pearly nodules |
| bromhidrosis | Foul-smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet. |
| bulla | a large blister containing watery fluid; similar to a vesicle, but larger |
| carbuncle | a large circumscribed inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylococci; similar to a furuncle (boil) but larger |
| chloasma | increased pigmentation; liver spots |
| comedogenic | a tendency to clog follicles and cause buildup of dead skin cells, resulting in comedones |
| comedone | an open comedo or blackhead; a mass of hardened sebum and skin cells in hair follicle. when the follicle is filled with an excess of oil, a blackhead forms. it is dark because it is exposed to oxygen and oxidizes. closed comedones do not have a follicular opening and are called milia or whiteheads |
| contact dermatitis | an inflammatory skin condition caused by contact with a substance or chemical. occupational disorders from ingredients in cosmetics and chemicals solutions can cause contact dermatitis or dermatitis venenata |
| crust | dead cells form over a wound or blemish while it is healing, resulting in an accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material. an example is a scab on a sore |
| cyst | a closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection or other matter above or below the skin |
| dermatitis | any inflammatory condition of the skin. various forms of lesions, such as eczema, vesicles or papules |
| dermatologist | a physician who treats skin disorders and diseases |
| dermatology | branch of science that studies and treats the skin and its disorders |
| eczema | an inflammatory, painful itching disease of the skin, acute or chronic in nature with dry or moist lesions. this condition should be referred to a physician. seborrheic dermatitis, mainly affecting oily areas, is a common form of eczema |
| edema | swelling caused by a response to injury or infection |
| erythema | redness caused by inflammation; a red lesion is erythemic |
| excoriation | a skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping |
| fissure | a crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. chapped hands or lips are fissures |
| folliculitis | an inflammation of the hair follicles |
| furuncle | a subcutaneous abscess filled with pus; also called boils, furuncles are caused by by bacteria in the glands or hair follicles |
| herpes simplex virus 1 | caused fever blisters or cold sores; it is a recuring, contagious viral infection consisting of a vesicle or group of vesicles on a red swollen base. the blisters usually appear on the lips or nostrils |
| herpes simplex virus 2 | strain of herpes virus that infects the genitals |
| herpes zoster | shingles, a painful skin condition from the chickenpox virus; characterized by groups of blisters that form a rash |
| hyperhidrosis | excessive perspiration caused by heat or body weakness. medical treatment is required |
| hyperkeratosis | a thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinized cells (keratinocytes) |
| hyperpigmentation | overproduction of pigment |
| hypertrophy | an abnormal growth; many are benign or harmless |
| hypopigmentation | lack of pigment |
| impetigo | a contagious bacterial infection often occurring in children; characterized by clusters or small blisters |
| keloid | a thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue (collagen) |
| keratinocytes | cells composed of keratin |
| keratoma | an acquired, thickened patch of epidermis. a callus caused by pressure or friction. |
| keratoses | abnormally thick buildup of cells |
| keratosis pilaris | redness and bumpiness in the cheeks or upperarms; caused by blocked folllicles |
| lentigo/lentigenes | freckles; small yellow-brown colored spots. lentigenes that result from sun exposure or actinin, or solar, lentigenes. patches are referred to as large macules |
| lesions | structural changes in tissue caused by damage or injury |
| leukoderma | light, abnormal patches caused by a burn or congenital disease that destroys the pigment-producing cells. |
| macule | a flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle. macules or neither raised or sunken |
| malignant melanoma | the most serious form of skin cancer. black or dark patches of the skin are usually uneven in texture, jagged or raised |
| melasma | term for hyperpigmentation; pregnancy mask is often called melasma. triggered by hormonal changes and may fade in time |
| milia | whiteheads, whitish pearl-like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin. most common in dry skin types and may form after skin trauma, such as laser resurfacing |
| miliaria rubra | prickly heat; acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands resulting in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure |
| mole | a brownish spot ranging in color from tan to bluish black. some are flat like freckles and some are raised and darker |
| nevus | birthmark or mole; malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries |
| nodules | also referred to as tumors, but these are smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits or infections |
| papule | a pimple; small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus |
| perioral dermatitis | an acne-like condition around the mouth. these are mainly small clusters of papules that could be caused by toothpaste or products used on the face |
| primary lesions | characterized by flat, non-palpable changes in skin color such as macules or patches, or an elevations formed by fluid in a cavity such as vesicles, bullae or pustules |
| pruitis | the medical term for itching |
| pseudofolliculitis | razor bumps; resembles folliculitis without the pus |
| psoriasis | a skin disease characterized by red patches covered with white-silver scales. it is caused by overproliferation of skin cells that replicate too fast. immune dysfunction could be the cause. found in patches on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest and lower back |
| pustule | an inflammed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus, a fluid consisting of white blood cells, bacteria and other debris, produced from an infection |
| retention hyperkeratosis | hereditary factor in which dead skin cells do not shed from the follicles as they do on normal skin |
| rosacea | inflammation of the skin; chronic congestion primarily on the cheeks and nose. characterized by redness, dilation of blood vessels, and in severe cases, papules and pustules |
| scale | flaky skin cells; any thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oily. abnormal or excessive dandruff |
| scar | light-colored, slightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or lesion of the skin has healed up. the tissue hardens to heal the injury. elevated scars are hypertrophic; a keloid is a hypertrophic scar |
| sebaceous filaments | similar to open comedones, solidified impactions of oil without the cell matter |
| sebaceous hyperplasia | benign lesions frequently seen in oilier areas of the face. an overgrowth of the sebaceous glands, they appear similar to open comedones; often donut-shaped with sebaceous material in the center |
| seborrhea | severe oiliness of the skin; an abnormal secretion from the sebaceous glands |
| seborrheic dermatitis | a common form of eczema |
| secondary lesions | skin damage, developed in the later stages of disease that changes the structure of tissues or organs |
| skin tag | small outgrowths or extensions that look like flaps. they are benign and are common under the arms or on the neck |
| squamous cell carcinoma | more serious than basal cell carcinoma; scaly red papules or nodules |
| stain | brown or wine colored discoloration. occurs after certain diseases or after moles, freckles or liver spots disappear. a port wine stain is a birthmark, which is a vascular type of nevus |
| steatoma | a sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum, ranges in size from a pea to an orange. it usually appears on the scalp, neck and back; also called a wen |
| tan | an increase in pigmentation due to the melanin production that results from exposure to UV rays. melanin is designed to help protect the skin from the sun's UV rays. |
| telangiectasia | describes capillaries that have been damaged and are now larger, or distended blood vessels. commonly called couperose skin |
| tinea | fungal infection |
| tinea corporis | a contagious infection that forms a ringed, red pattern with elevated edges. also known as ringworm |
| tinea versicolor | yeast infection that inhibits melanin production |
| tubercle | an abnormal rounded, solid lump, larger than a papule |
| tumor | a large nodule; an abnormal cell mass resulting from excessive cell multiplication and varying in size, shape and color |
| ulcer | an open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth. a deep erosion; a depression in the skin, normally due to infection or cancer |
| urticaria | hives |
| vasodilation | vascular dilation of blood vessels |
| verruca | a wart; hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus. it is infectious and contagious |
| vesicles | a small blister or sac containing clear fluid. poison oak and poison produce vesicles |
| vitiligo | white spots or areas on the skin from lack of pigment cells; sunlight makes it worse |
| wheal | an itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite, skin allergy reaction or stings. hives and mosquito bites are wheals. hives (urticaria) can be exposed to exposure to allergens used in products |
| dyschromia | abnormal pigmentation caused by various internal and external factors |
| pilosebaceous duct | the entire follicle that includes the hair, hair shaft, sebaceous gland and the duct or canal to the surface |
| androgens | male hormones stimulate sebaceous glands |
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