Environmental Issues Population
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Environmental science | the study of all systems of air, land, water, energy, and life that surround humans -involves both physical sciences and biological sciences |
| Environmental Studies | environmental science and social sciences |
| Major Environmental Problems | Pollution, Depletion of resources, changes in global environment, overpopulation |
| Pollution | air, water, soil, land, people, plants, animals, etc the extent and/or effects of pollution are a matter of disagreement i.e. DDT is illegal, but we all have some in us |
| Depletion of resources | use of non-renewable or conventional resources not just common resources, but also rarer metals like uranium used in electronics i.e. oil, gas, uranium, fossil fuels |
| changes in global environment | are we affecting weather, agricultural production, sea level, etc |
| Changes in global environment is a ___ problem | chronic; difficult to determine if it is indeed happening |
| Overpopulation | the source of pollution, depletion of resources, changes in the global environment |
| Demography | science of population structure and growth specifically, study births, deaths, marriage, migrations -age and sex distributions are very important! |
| population is increasing in what way? | geometrically, exponentially, logarithmically |
| Human population since 1980 is ___ | a J-shaped curve |
| Current world population | 7 billion |
| U.S. population | 311 million U.S. is the 3rd most populous country in the world |
| the most densely populated country in the world | Bangladesh |
| Mathus Theory | population increases geometrically while food supplies increase arithmetically in the U.S. we have enough food to provide for the population not a matter of food supply, but a matter of distribution (i.e. Russia) |
| Population increases geometrically/exponentially, while food supplies increase | arithmetically |
| Food supply has increased due to | irrigation, genetics |
| Animal production has increased due to | hybrid vigor (cross to animals and the offspring grows bigger and fatter) |
| Projecting Future Population | population is increasing growth rate has started to decline |
| carrying capacity | how many people we can hold |
| Projections for Population 2050 | most likely 9.1 billion |
| Can control population by | EDUCATION |
| Projected Top Countries for Population 2050 | 1. India 2. China 3. U.S. |
| TFR stands for | total fertility rate |
| TFR | determines how quickly a population increases -average number of children a woman has during her lifetime |
| ZPG stands for | zero population growth |
| Real ZPG | 2.10 (average amount of children to have no increase in population) |
| Fecundity | ability to reproduce |
| Fertility | number of offspring produce |
| Doubling time for population | rule of 70s 70 divided by percent population growth |
| U.S. TFR's | significant increase after soldiers return home for WWII plummeted after birth control total is at 2.9 (we are essentially at 0% population growth without immigration |
| Highest World TFRs | Somalia-7.05 Ethiopia-6.94 Yemen6.90 Uganda-6.80 Congo 6.77 |
| Lowest World TFRs | Mexico-2.57 U.S.-2.09 China-1.82 Italy-1.19 Spain-1.13 |
| To keep a steady population, need __TFR | 2.0 |
| Only other way to raise to raise TFR | immigration |
| Percent distribution of world population | China-19.6% India-17.3% U.S.-4.5% Indonesia-3.4% Brazil-2.8% |
| Top 5 countries in the world, represent __% of the world's population | 48 |
| Three major influences on reducing TFR | cultural traditions social and economic status of women family planning (birth control) |
| the single most important factor affecting high TFR is... | **low status of women |
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