| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Covenant | contract, deal, agreement; the Hebrews had one with God |
| Torah | Pentateuch; first five books of the Tanakh |
| Tanakh | a collection of 39 Hebrew books; Old Testament |
| Talmud | a collection of ancient Jewish commentaries |
| Pentateuch | Torah; first five books of the Old Testament |
| Old Testament | Tanakh; a collection of 39 Hebrew books |
| Fertility Religion | belief system concerned mainly with food supply, and with making crops grow |
| 400 years | approximate amount of time that Hebrews were enslaved in Egypt |
| 70 years | approximate amount of time that Israelites were captive in Babylon |
| Hebrews | a Semitic group defined by its culture and language |
| Israelites | a political group concerned to found and preserve a nation, in the area of the Jordan River Valley, populated by the descendents of escaped slaves from Egypt |
| Jews | a group focused and unified by religious beliefs developed during the Babylonian Captivity |
| Hebrew Prophet | functioned as a social critic, a spokesperson for God, and a seer |
| translation | to go from one language to another |
| transliteration | to go from one alphabet to another |
| monotheism | the belief that there is exactly one God, no more, no less |
| polytheism | the belief that there are many gods |
| mud bricks | more likely to be found in Mesopotamia than in Egypt |
| magic | a human attempt to manipulate a situation or control nature |
| myth | a narrative designed to explain |
| ma'at | ancient Egyptian concept of truth, balance, order, law, morality, and justice; personified as a goddess |
| mastabas | architectural tomb structure used prior to the era of the pyramids |
| patesi | religious and political leadership class in Babylon |
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