| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Central nervous System | The brain and spinal cord. |
| Nerve Cells | Cells that carry messages in the nervous system |
| Sensory Nerve Cells | Nerve cells that respond to an internal or external stimulus. |
| Motor Nerve Cells | Nerve cells that carry messages from the central nervous system to parts of the body such as muscles. |
| Connecting nerve Cells | Nerve cells that connect sensory nerve cells with motor nerve cells. |
| Reflex | A response in which messages travel over sensory nerve cells to the spinal cord and directly back to motor nerve cells. |
| Reaction Time | The time it takes for a person to react when messages travel to and from the brain. |
| Brain Stem | The part of the brain that controls involuntary actions such as breathing and heartbeat. |
| Cerebellum | The part of the brain that controls body balance and helps the muscles work together. |
| Cerebrum | The part of the brain that controls thinking and reasoning |
| Nervous System | A system that helps control body activities. It includes the brain, spinal cord, and a network of nerve cells. |
| Endocrine System | A system that helps control the rate of many body activities by releasing chemicals called hormones |
| Glands | Special organs or tissues in the body that make chemical substances. |
| Hormones | Chemicals produced by the endocrine glands |
| Pituitary Gland | An endocrine gland that controls other glands and is important to normal growth. |
| Thyroid Gland | An endocrine gland located in the neck. It produces a hormone that controls how fast cells obtain energy from food. |
| Parathyroid Glands | Four small endocrine glands that produce hormones which control the amount of calcium and other minerals found in the blood |
| Pancreas | An organ that produces substances that help digest food and that also produces a hormone which controls how the cells use sugar. |
| Adrenal Glands | Two glands, one at the top of each kidney, that release hormones that help a person deal with stress and emergencies. |
| Peripheral nervous System | The nerves that extend from the central nervous system to the edges of the body. |
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