| Term | Definition |
|---|
| the crust | a thin layer of solid rock. Lighter than the materials below it. it "floats" on the inner layers. |
| the mantle | hot partly molten layer. made of thick heavy material. when it cools, it forms rock. moves like thick syrup would |
| rock | a material made up of one or more minerals |
| sediments to sedimentary rock | they need to be compacted and cemented |
| biological weathering | the physical and chemical breakdown of a rock caused by living organisms such as plants, animals, bacteria, and fungi |
| magma to igneous rock | it needs to cool and solidify |
| igneous to sediments | it needs to go through weathering and erosion |
| metamorphic to magma | it needs to melt |
| clay | has the finest particles the largest total air space, and holds much water |
| minerals | organic (non living) solids that occur naturally on the earth |
| loams | have particles of intermediate size and space, they have the abilitty to hold water more easily than sands and gravels |
| chemical weathering | involves the breakdown or decomposition of minerals as a result of chemical reaction with water, with other chemicals dissolved in water or with gasses in the air |
| sands and gravel | have the largest particles and large pores but less total air space. they hold little water and allow water to pass through easily |
| elements | pure substance, or a compound ( two or more substances) |
| sedimentary to metamorphic | it needs heat and pressure to become meta. |
| the outer core | a molten mass of iron with some nickel. this layer also flows. |
| the inner core | large ball of iron and nickel. almost as hot as the surface of the sun. sold from the enormous weight of the outer layers |
| how to identify minerals | Moh's hardness scale, colour, lustre, streak, cleavage and fracture. |
| igneous rock | Made up of molten lava that has solidified. |
| sedimentary rock | made of sediment, such as sand mud pebbles silt and remains of plant and animals they are all cemented together |
| metamorphic rock | a rock that changes from its original form by heat and pressure below the earths surface |
| extrusive | when rock solidifies above the earths surface |
| intrusive | when rock solidifies under the earths surface |
Combine with other sets
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