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During the high Middle Ages________and Universities were created. cathedrals People during this time understood that the experience of purgatory could be reduced or shortened by doing good medieval The requirement that priests dedicate themselves to their ministry not ____ occupations was begun in the Middle Ages. secular These popes tilted the allegiance toward the French kings avignon They attempted to follow Jesus by seeking the solitude of the wilderness hermits Under the ____ Code, women fared better than they had before justinian The Irish people were called _________ in Patrick's time. celts These religious orders were distinguished by their poverty and simplicity mendicant History locates 1054 as the year of the ____ between the Eastern and Western churches. split The _______ was a time characterized by a growth of art and literature renaissance The Council of _________ teaches us that conflict in the church can be resolved with the help of the Holy Spirit jerusalem The Christian calendar, developed during the time of Clovis, numbered the years from the birth of ______. Jesus in establishing his monasteries ______ built on traditions of people such as Antony if Egypt, Jerome, and Basil. Benedict heresies were feared in part because they _____ the well being and good order of western europe threatened the most influential theologian of the middle ages was____ aquinas typically they ____ were persecuted for succeeding in banking practices that were closed to Christians Jews The papacy rose in stature under Pope_____ leo x he thought that communal life should not be complicated basil The crusades began as an attempt to stop the Turkish______ from invading the Byzantine Empire Muslims The good news of christianity found a place among people whose_______failed to satisfy the needs and longings of the human heart. mythology the black death claimed about one______ of the population of europe third our individual and shared __________helps us answer the questions who? and why? memory the rising ______class of medieval times was the forerunner of the modern middle class. merchant Augustine's personal experience as a priest and a bishop helped him to understand that the validity of a ______ such as baptism did not depend on the priest or the bishop's holiness. sacrament Ignorance of our ______ roots deprives us of the wisdom and learning of those who went before us historical the ordination of permanent_______ is an example of the church rediscovering a practice rooted in its early history deacons the first major dilemma among the early disciples was whether Gentile converts were obligated to keep the ____law jewish The pope urged ______to translate the christian testament and the psalms into latin, the language of the people in the west jerome an exaggerated ______ could and did lead to an indulgent and extravagent lifestyle humanism the word _______means letter epistle the council of ______ declared that Jesus possesses a human nature and a divine nature chalcedon the City of God and the City of Man are the two parts of ________'s writings augustine the best facet of an institution is that it is fluid and always______ changing the influence of the _____heresy died out after the Council of Nicaea arian the western church spoke________ latin new ________practices contributed by monasteries provided the impetus for the growth of towns agriculture the doctrine of _______affirmed belief in the real presence of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine transubstantiation _____is the practice of lending money and charging interest on it usury devotion to saints and saint's ________ threatened to become more significant than worship of God in the Middle Ages relics ______were a splinter group that believed the validity of the sacrament was based on the holiness of the priest donatists the word____means "good news" gospel though Pope____ reluctantly assumed the public roles he was given, he carried them out with remarkable vigor and met with success Gregory I the eastern church spoke_______ greek during the middle ages the number of sacraments was set at_____ seven in the end of the fifth century, the eastern empire took on the name "______ empire" byzantine the _______ investiture controversy concerned lay appointment of ordained leaders lay He was influential in his call for reform in part of his Czech Nationalism john hus throughout the church's history _________ have often begun as correctives for practices in the church that needed to be challenged heresies the word_____ is from the Greek word monos which means "alone" or "single" monasteries _______'s conversion to Christianity and his growing power marked the beginning of a time when church and government were hardly distinguishable from each other. clovis