History Final Chapter 25
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 emir | muslim military leader |
| unions | Groups of people joined for a common cause |
| chancellor | the honorary or titular head of a university |
| mass | the common people generally |
| excommunicated | kicked out of the church |
| orders | groups of friars |
| tithes | one tenth of the annual produce paid as a tax or contribution to support a church or clergy |
| universities | Groups of people devoted to learning |
| canon laws | laws set up by the church |
| cathedrals | huge gothic churches |
| friar | A member of a catholic religious order |
| relics | valued holy objects from the past |
| roman catholic church | the Christian church headed by the pope in Rome |
| monastary at cluny | monastery in eastern France that followed strictly Benedictine Rule |
| the crusades | wars between Christians and Muslims over claim to the Holy Land |
| inquisition | a church court set up to try people accused of heresy |
| pope gregory VII | Pope who reformed the church by controlling kings and nobles |
| college of cardinals | group of people who advise the Pope and elect new Popes |
| franciscans and dominicans | two orders (groups) of Friars |
| pope urban II | Pope who called for the first Crusade to reclaim Jerusalem from the Muslims |
| outremer | area of land controlled by the eurpeans in the crudsades |
| seljuk turks | The threat of these new Muslims led to the call for a crusade. |
| saladin | The leader of the Muslims in the third crusade and captured Jerusalem in 1187. |
| richard I | The king of England who led the third Crusade. Also known as "Lion Heart" made truce with saladin. |
| venetians | people from venice |
| acre | a town and port in northwestern Israel in the eastern Mediterranean |
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