| Term | Definition |
|---|
| solution | mixture in which one substance (solute) is dissolved in another (solvent) |
| dilute | a solution that is made by dissolving a small amount of solute in a large amount of solvent |
| concentrated | a solution that is made by dissolving a large amount of solute in a small amount of solvent |
| saturated | describes a solution that contains all the dissolved solute that it can hold under existing conditions |
| solubility | the amount of substance able to pass into solution under certain conditions; the measure of the amount of solute needed to saturate a solution |
| boiling-point elevation | the amount by which the boiling point of a solvent is raised when a solute is dissolved in it |
| freezing-point depression | the amount by which the freezing point of a solvent is lowered when a solute is dissolved in it |
| suspension | a mixture in which particles are scattered throughout, but not dissolved in , a substance |
| colloid | a mixture containing particles that are not dissolved but are too small to settle |
| acid | a chemical that has a sour taste, turns blue litmus paper red, reacts with a base to form a salt, and has a pH value below 7 |
| base | a chemical that has a bitter taste, turns red litmus paper blue, reacts with an acid to form a salt, and has a pH value greater than 7 |
| pH | a measure of the hydronium-ion concentration of a solution |
| salt | any ionic compound formed when the negative ion from an acid combines with the positive ion from a base or when an acid reacts with a metal |
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