Unit 6: Evolution (14&15)
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 where did darwin travel? what was the name of his boat? what was the name of his major scientific theory? | the galapagos islands, the beagle, and theory of natural selection |
| What was significant of the finches on the islands? | their beaks were different because of the different food sources on the islands |
| Summarize the main types of evidence to support evolution | fossil record- the chronological collection of life's remains in rock layers geographic dist.- the difference in species at other parts of the word similarities in structures- the same looking bones in different parts of the body |
| what is the difference between artificial/natural selection? | artificial- the selective breeding of domesticated plants/animals natural- the animals naturally interbreed |
| Gene pool | all of the alleles in all the individuals that make up a population |
| biological fitness | contribution that individuals make to the gene pool |
| genetic drift | a change in the gene pool of a population due to chance |
| vestigial structures | remains of a structure that may have has an important function in a species ancestors has no clear function in the modern science |
| homologous structures | similar structures found in more than one species that share a common ancestor |
| convergent evolution | process in which unrelated species from similar environments have adaptions that seem similar |
| adaptive radiation | evolution from a common ancestor of many species adapted to diverse environments |
| punctuated equilibrium | evolutionary model suggestion species often diverge in spurts of relatively rapid change, followed by periods of little change |
| gradualism | a model of evolution in which gradual change over a long period of time leads to biological diversity |
| Half-life | Time it takes for half the atoms of an isotope to decay |
| Population | a group of organisms of the same species populating a given area |
| what conditions are necessary for fossil formation? | An organism dies, layers of sediment cover the organism's body, over millions of years the sediments harden to become rocks, the rock eroads and the fossil is exposed on the surface of the rock |
| Lamarck's Theory of Acquired Characteristics | b. Theory of Inheritance of Acquired characteristics- Lamarck thought that acquired characteristics could be inherited. For example, if during its lifetime an animal somehow altered a body structure, leading to longer legs or fluffier feathers, it would pass that change on to its offspring. By this reasoning, if you spent much of your life lifting weights to build muscles, your children would inherit big muscles, too. |
| list the three domains and their main characteristics? | Bacteria Archea (prokaryotes), Eukarya (Eukaryotes) |
| what are the 7 layers of classifying biology? mnemonic device? | Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom. King Phillip Came Over For Grape Soup |
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